27 20 4978 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/efe2d56ec9569fa997549cbb06fbf867.tif 7d8f8314a83b30f280b7ac94b416e128 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/2b8f7d21d04d9b965520b13eccfe6f65.tif 0ed8f3cc620dad86b09fe7f1a7567122 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Photograph Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 11.5 x 7 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2006-070 Title A name given to the resource Bradley Falls Subject The topic of the resource Landscape Description An account of the resource Photograph of Bradley Falls (South Worthington) taken in the late winter. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 11.5 x 7 cm (4.6 x 2.8 in) Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-11-14 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 02 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - South Worthington Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. EL https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/b8ce24c4615e556c7336f8a2ad645796.tif e27676c9e5b16b111e28360dbc4459cc https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/d40d289abb47eef97cfb4bd701f5ea45.tif a7d6b193241aa2d5223da5a0cc5f3706 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. 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Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 12 x 9.7 cm (4.7 x 3.8 in) Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-11-14 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 02 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. EL https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/719e526889b8150e9e955e506f198404.tif af26b945484e0c8f72128b2000971b1d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-506 Title A name given to the resource Harriet L. P. Rice and son in living room Subject The topic of the resource People Description An account of the resource Scan of glass negative showing Mrs. William Rice (Harriet L. P. Rice) and son, William G. Rice, Jr. sitting in a living room. (See also a scan of a photograph printed from this glass negative by A. F. Tuttle in 1973 for Arthur Capen and the Worthington Library). Date between 1895 and 1905. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 17.5 x 12.5 cm Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-11-08 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. AFT Has Version A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource. Identifier 2010-093 is a scan of a photograph (a contact print) of this glass negative made by A. F Tuttle for Arthur Capen in 1973, Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. in box labeled "Rice" Relation A related resource <a href="https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka-2.6.1/items/show/3595#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=0&amp;xywh=-1%2C-59%2C4038%2C3021">2010-093</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895/1905 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/e7716a23ec2e45e2efcc6e1d99484739.tif de49f0ff093e3f189ebef389b33500b8 Book Bound document, typically consisting of 25 or more pages. Generally does not include stapled items. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Book - Sewn Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 38 x 22 x 3-cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 23-055 Title A name given to the resource Record of Money Order Advances Received Subject The topic of the resource Businesses and Stores Description An account of the resource Record of money orders issued by the post office. Includes the names of many townspeople. Covers the period 1892-1935. Type The nature or genre of the resource Book Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 38 x 22 x 3-cm (15.0 x 8.7 x 1.2-in) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Postmasters of Worthington Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 - 1935 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-11-03 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 23c Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Worthington Corners Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. el post office https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/31b857b2a9efbcb635743a016ac23768.tiff 760f029475b1a93f9ac7b5cbe5b26834 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/e1c23a2c13211f2ff9499ea980f27294.tif 2e76a57e1587da709bd1c821656551f8 Book Bound document, typically consisting of 25 or more pages. Generally does not include stapled items. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Notebook - Loose leaf Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 26.7 x25.4 x 3.8 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2004a-316 Title A name given to the resource Arthur Capen Memorabilia Subject The topic of the resource People Description An account of the resource Loose leaf binder containing letters and mementos given to Arthur Capen for 50 years of service to the Town of Worthington. Includes correspondence from area churches, newspaper clippings accumulated through the life of Arthur Capen (1881-1981). Also, newspaper article titled: "No Retirement Planned by Librarian, 91 Today" The article mentions his parents, Granville and Hattie Blackman Capen. Type The nature or genre of the resource Physical Object Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 10.5 x 10 x 1.5 in (26.7 x25.4 x 3.8 cm), plus scan of newspaper article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource First Congregational Church of Worthington members, article by Lois Ashe Brown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960-11-10, 1972-12-4 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-11-02, 2025-09-09 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 21 and digital archive Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. 2025-09-09 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Article from the Hampshire Gazette https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/2c10a16e17ba5df5346455a76e8138b6.pdf 5f19d88b03c6a0518387faf0c93e0f16 PDF Text Text Westhampt«n M-smorial Libraff STONE WALLS Fan 1977 �You know, there published all are hundreds of magazines similar to being over the United States, as far away as Alaska and Hawaii, in cultures as foreign to us as the collection of STONE WALLS community that run through all Navaho efforts is Indians. And what is most striking about not their diversity, but rather the this common threads of them. Each magazine concerns itself with the lives of people which, without doubt, have been remarkable, but not, for the most part, exceptional. There's a difference. These lives are not exceptional because they share similar joys, they share similar frustrations, they share similar fears and failures. What they share with our lives is what we can continue to hold on to. We can think of one-room schoolhouses, we can reminisce about sleigh-rides, and remember making butter at home, but remember is all we can do. Perhaps, then, something more positive that nostalgia can come out of all these community efforts. Perhaps we can be reminded that every single community has its share of good sympathetic people who 'keep at it', but don't make a lot of noise. And if we just listen and recognize that people are not so different everywhere else, well, then, maybe we'll stop elbowing one another and quietly, unoffensively obliterate the barriers that prevent us from saying, "Welcome". STONE WALLS Box 85 Huntington, Massachusetts 01050 Vol. 3, No. 3 STONE WALLS published quarterly. Subscriptions are $6.00 a year. $1.60 for individual of individual copies may be modified only with the permission of the Editorial Board. We welcome unsolicited manuscripts and illustrations from and about the hilltowns of the Berkshires. The editors of STONE WALLS assume no responsibility for noncommissioned manuscripts, photographs, drawings, or other material. No such material will copies. The is retail price be returned unless submitted with self addressed envelope and sufficient postage. We also welcome letters from our readers. No portions of this publication may be reproduced in any form, with the exception of brief excerpts for review purposes, without the express consent of the editors o/ STONE WALLS. © STONE WALLS 1977 Cover photos by Connie Dorrington Printed by The Mint Printers, Laurie Drive, Southampton, Massachusetts �Contents 2 7 9 AT HOME IN THE WOODS GETTING ACQUAINTED WITH FERNS MIDDLEFIELD BOYS' CLUB 13 GRANVILLE'S LOYALIST MINISTER 16 ME AND 17 NOONEY OBITUARY THE PINE VARIED GREEN WEST WORTHINGTON INDIANS HAYDEN POND 20 21 22 24 27 30 SURPRISE 31 UNFORGETTABLE PERSON SETTLEMENT OF CHESTER ABOUT OUR CONTRIBUTORS 32 40 Virginia Lazarus Ladd Otis Richard Waite Helena Duris and Barbara Brainerd JIM STORY OF A BRITISH DESERTER HENRY SNYDER 25 Ellie Bertha Bronson Frank S. Nooney WilUamRose Madeline Hunter Chauncey Stephenson Doris W. Hayden Virginia Lois Ladd Otis Ashe Brown David Lynes L. Wignot William S. Mills Grace 1- �At Home in the Woods (An interview with Carl Libardi) by Ellie Lazarus "I've worked in the woods life," states Carl Libardi as his well-worn in all of we bump my along Chevy panel truck. "I didn't have the background for anything else, I "My guess." Carl Libardi, has run the A. known by most as Carlo, & L. store in Chester Village for thirty years. But that store, a job for most of us, is full time only a part of Carl A major part of his life is the nurseries where he nurtures a range from native maple and birch, which he collects himself, to exotic Japanese yews. Libardi's everyday life. Chester nurseries plot was just sand and gravel twelve years ago, but I made soil out of it." And that says pretty much about Carl Libardi himself, a man who never went to high school, a man who stands watchfully still in the woods to wit- ness what others learn out of textbooks. "I never had a horticulture course," explains Carl. "I and I've was working when I was thirteen been working ever since. The years I wasn't guess." in school I learned more, I To Carl Libardi the woods are filled with animate objects. As we walk along, he picks up a birch seed. "See this. The creator has given it wings and in no time at progeny will be spread over a valley or downstream, if they're meant to float, like the Hemlock or Sycamore. The Sycamore's seed comes concentrated in a ball and that will float. Once it disintegrates, that seed will lodge itself on the banks of a river. Acorns have to come in intimate conall its An accidental acorn next to a birch has brought to An life an oak tree sapling. new oak acorn sends tree. its roots into the soil to begin a �The deer family known feed on them. There were so many acorns this year that the deer remained in the plains, "from which an extract has always tact with the soil in order to burst. been taken for a pain-killer. You'll find that same element in your aspirin, artificially produced and its name is salicilate. It is highlands, even after the green vegetation started in the valleys below the snow line, because there was plenty of mast up high. Each seed of a birch has a different vitality. I planted this whole row," he says, pointing, "at the same time. Some present in the leaves of the willow. People used to steep it and drink its juices. People have also steeped the bark of the willow and used it as a lotion for poison ivy. The camptonia, also known as the Sweet Fern is used for poison ivy, too. It will soothe it, but I'm not sure whether it will cure it." "Marsh marigolds," Carl goes on, "are a good green to eat if you catch them early enough. They're better than dande- now are IV2 inches in caliper, others, 3 inches. There is more uniformity in birches if plant just roots instead of conceiving as Salix," Carl Libardi ex- you them by seed." Not too far along, we passed a dead maple tree, a nursery for bushels of mushrooms, as Carl explains. "Those are edible Edible oyster-shell mushrooms on a dead maple "Jack-in-t he-Pulpit has juice in tree. bum ya To eat them, you skin them and soak them overnight in heavily salted water to get the beetles out. You can dry them or use them right away. After you more will cums or little threads carry the mushroom and can be that people stay that will irritate the skin. away from to me. It'll bum ya' like you touch the juice to your skin, you will get a rash; if you touch it to your tongue, it will burn your tongue for hours. The Indians would dry the root, pulverize it, and mix it with bear fat or skunk grease. Then they would use it for rheumahorseradish. grow micilli- the sperms of common knowledge. What that'll "Jack-in-the-Pulpit has a juice in the bulb transferred to other fertile areas, like dead trees." Slews of other plants serve useful pur- poses. That's bulb, have their uses, Carl explains pick them, you can rub their bottoms onto there — contagion with spores. The its like horseradish. Even plants oyster mushrooms. rotten parts of trees and ' tic If pains or arthritis, but primarily to create abnormal heat is not common knowledge is which serve what purpose. "The willow belongs to the in the lungs to bring an in- creased flow of blood to the chest to cure pneumonia." -3- �There are other plants which we humans know to be helpful, but not so for other animals. "The Witch Hazel tree", according The Chinese have long believed in its powers. One Chinese emperor sent two pounds of Ginseng as a precious gift to "has enough sugar in the sap to form a yellow blossom in February(!). The blossoms are small and inconspicuous. I have seen squirrels," Carl says smiling, "who had imbibed too freely and become drunk. They chase each other, try to climb a tree and can't. The catkins on a Quaking Aspen," he continues, "similar to those on a birch, have something in them that causes them to ferment when the partridge eats them. They ferment in his crop and they cause the partridge to do acrobatics, go through the windshield of a car, or fly through windows of houses." to Carl, Carl Libardi has collected wild plants all He would carry two or three thousand New York Lace Ferns off Gobble his life. one time on his back in order to earn forty cents for each thousand. He'd collect Vermont Fancy Ferns for New York florists and Dagger Ferns for Bostonians and Philadelphians. "During the war, I'd get telegrams from Boston or Philadelphia asking for $10,000 worth of 'Daggers'." Ferns he collected as routine. What Carl Mountain at Libardi collects as a real specialty is Gin- seng, that mysterious plant whose root considered by many to be an elixir. is Ginseng roots, collected and labeled by Carl Libardi. Peter the Great. Soviet scientists have now discovered that proofreaders, telephone operators, and coding clerks work nificantly faster ginseng. One all sig- and more accurately on of the world's leading ex- perts on plant drugs, E.J. Shellard, has accumulated evidence of ginseng's antiand anti-infection stress, anti-fatigue, "Gin- seng" means "man-shaped root", for the sometimes resembles a human body. The scientific name for ginseng means root 'panacea'. 'Shang' as Carl Libardi calls is worth $1500.00 a pound now. It is it, found on slopes facing southeast, smaller ones on slopes facing north, and average ones on slopes facing east. When you see a ginseng time," he explains, 'you marvel about everything in the woods that it resembles. It isn't hard to identify, though, once you know it. It actually has plant for the first ' lines all its own. There is no woody part to a ginseng plant, like the sarsaparilla or walnut which it resembles. The leaves ' actually look oriental. adder-tongues or Doghave spotted leaves and a little (May) "Trout-lilies, also called tooth violets, yellow lily. ' �have watched a doe when I was walking in the they leave a signal. properties, and he attributes those properties certain to glycosides which are not found Carl Libardi is in any other plants. in it's just powder. If he thinks it it will in If the direction of is from her to me, she can't smell me. But when the wind shifts, the doe starts, looks around, and bounds away. The buck who is trailing her, half an hour later comes by smelling the doe tracks. When he gets to that spot, he becomes very wary, squats down, looks around for an adversary, and slinks away. You don't kind of like giving someone a capsule with no medicine still. the wind rather an agnostic collector of ginseng. "I think maybe come up to me woods and I stood ginseng I it, work, well, will." mean to tell me they don't "Even animals give a signal!" of different species alto- gether communicate with each other," Carl Libardi continues. "I've seen a wood- chuck just sitting in the nursery here with its head down. Then I hear a red-wing blackbird change its tone to a more piercing note. The red-wing blackbird has seen me, and is warning the woodchuck. The woodchuck never even raises his head, he just takes off." To know animal patterns as Carl Libardi knows them, takes time, patience, and watchful senses. "The woodcock, when mating, makes a bleat and a burp and The work of the yellow-bellied sapsucker. What Carl Libardi knows, he has exper- A he knows how animals behave the way most people know weather patterns. "Deer have specific ways of communicating with one another," he says as he looks across the ienced. zoologist he is not, but meadow. "Under those apple trees I thereby attracts the female," Carl begins to relate after he has told me of the long periods he spends just standing still wait- saw a herd of five deer one day, and I walked right up to the wall. The big buck that was with two does and two fawns had his back turned towards me and his tail was raised. Finally, he looked directly at the fawns and they looked at him. And then he turned his head and looked down could see his in that corner. muscles tense — I was — You right on top of him, I was motionless then he gave a squeak and a snort. The two big does and the buck started running right across that field. The two little fellas went right down where the buck had indicated. "Of course the buck and the doe both have scent glands in their forelegs and 'Dutchman 's Britches, related to the Bleeding Heart, grow on slopes facing east because they " like the moisture and the shade. ' -5- �' "He'll keep up fifteen or twenty He won't Springfield as far as Chester and had walked to that house (now a cellar hole) and slept there overnight, intending to spend the summer during hay season at Sam Willard's farm in Middlefield. What a way to meet someone If Carl Libardi now spends most of his pull himself out of that free-fall until he's available time in contact with the plants ing. it times, just those two simple notes. Then he will take around in flight, gain a circle, altitude, the circle and fly becoming tighter as he elevates until he's just about ! ' out of sight. At that point, he'll begin to chirp and then begin his free-fall. the at horizon. He plummets down, only 20 or 30 feet from and animals around him, his boyhood days brought him in contact with all sorts of people. "I was fourteen when I would carry water up the railroad to the railroad workers, all jailbirds, you know. Remember the bandy-dancers?" he asks with a twinkle in his eye. "Well I carried water for those boys at forty cents an hour. I used to have to carry it all the way up, two pails full of water, that was work! What used to break my heart, though, was when these great big hulking guys would yell, 'Come on here with that water!' They'd take one big dipper full, then another big dipper full, and the third one couldn't finish, they'd throw away." Spending an afternoon in the woods and on back roads with Carl Libardi is sort of straight his point of origin." Carl Libardi's tales don't limit themselves to animals and plants. "I'll never forget the old as we Bob Smart place," he begins drive to his Middlefield nursery. "There's a cellar hole there now on the right as you go up to Middlefield from Chester. The house has been vacant for years. Newspapers dated from 1840 were on the walls. There was an old organ in there which I repaired. Mice had been in that organ for generations, so I cleaned it all out. There was a staircase behind the organ and a mirror in front of it. Anyway, one day, I started to make a little noise on that organ, and the next thing I knew, I wasn't alone any more. I looked into the mirror and there was a man with closecropped white hair and a stubbly white beard. He was like, well, travelling Nothing, not the faintest subtlest holding a pair of shoes in "May-bells, smell acquiring a hands and he was staring at me. I don't know which of us was more frightened. It turned out that he had hitched a ride from his They new are gregarious. ' ' a river with a comes alive. sound nor the lacks meaning. It's set of tools (after all like the senses are our tools). And it's a generous man who can give that to someone. or Spring beauty, live in colonies. down river-boat captain. Everything Photos by Ellie Lazarus -6- �Getting Acquainted With Ferns by Virginia Ladd Otis We New Ferns" to realize that Ms. Parsons wrote it first hand and from the heart. It is completely illustrated with drawings which need only a wash of green to bring them to life; and, best of all, the text is enhanced Englanders are blessed with who great natural riches. Lowell Thomas, traveled everywhere, upon being asked to name the most beautiful part of the world he had seen, called our hill had by accounts of the author's expeditions in the field and by ferny quotes from such and masters as Shakespeare, Scott, Thoreau, the latter being her favorite country, specifically the Berkshires, the loveliest. To truly appreciate the virile greens of New England, with their complement of blue lakes and streams, go spend a summer in the Arizona-Utah desert. Scenes of verdant valleys and groves will quotee. Judging by an outdoor photograph of the author on the flyleaf, she was a fine looking young woman, clad rather quaintly from our point of view ... in a sfraw hat, high-necked white blouse with mutton sleeves, and an ankle length skirt! With haunt your mind like a mirage. You are always thirsty, dusty, hot, and dry. Surrounded by rainbow colors of red, yellow, and purple in all shades, you find yourself desperately homesick for green! A good part of New England's lush charm is due to the ferns. What is . fresher than a bank of ferns gracefully over the trail, mountain ledges! Frances Parsons urged parents to introduce children to outdoor hobbies, and went on to enumerate the values of nature interests to children and adults alike. Besides the obvious bodily health from outdoor a symphony of greens in intricate design of fronds seen through fronds, seen through more fronds, stipples with shadow and sunlight. The hardwood grove is floored with the hayscented ones, all serrated and tapered to a fine point, green-gold in sunlight, rich green in exercise, there comes from shadow, delicate and feathery, if any field seldom needs sleeping pills; for one feels "the golden doze of mind which follows much exercise in the open air." The author states, one assumes with some authority, that "there is no such preventative for insomnia, no such cure for nervousness or dancing on their springy One of our favorite books is a hand-medown fern guide by Frances Theodora Parsons, 1899. One doesn't have to read "How to Know the health of mind that The outdoor enthusiast stems. far into this copy of is relaxation from daily cares plus the stimulant of an absorbing interest. yielding to every breath of wind and sway- ing fluidly as . some difficulty we picture her dressed in this manner clambering (as she says) about forested brooks, down dark ravines, and up beside a woodsy path? At either side they wave . the -7- in �outdoor stems being used by the Indians in their weaving crafts. The cinnamon, however, her vacations were charted in vicinities where she could carry on her personal discoveries of ferns to add to her has central spore bearing fronds of reddish brown, while the interrupted bears masses morbid introspection as an pursuit." Evidently all she had included about of darker spores midway along its green fronds. The bracken is another variety could hope to find in the eastern States. She reminded her readers which grows several feet high, a strong fern, but coarse and weedy in appearance. "life lists", until one United that on woods, all Also called the brake, an ordinary walk through fields or the would-be fern expert could become acquainted with ten to fifteen varieties. Fern study, as any other nature hobby, whether of birds, rocks, or whathave-you, carries the advantage of costing very little to pursue. As naturalist John "The most Burroughs reminds us, precious things in life are nearest at hand, without money and without price. Each of us has the whole wealth of the universe at our very door." On our winter rambles we often observe number of evergreen distribution and it has a worldwide often refereed to in is "The Lady of the Lake", Scott's hero exclaims: "The heath this night will be my bed The bracken literature. In . curtain for A gay little aspect in . fern of roadside and field is the sensitive fern, fruiting . my head." its light damp having a rippled green leaves. Its single fronds are noticeably dark and they mature in June, as do the cinnamon and interrupted spores and others. A lover of both sun and shade, the hay-scented fern, delicate as green lace, covers ledges in deeply shaded woods,.the fronds being leathery, rather small, with round whole growing along the edges of fields and under hardwoods in shifting sunlight and shadow. One perceives the sylvan beauty of these ferns all along the country roads of hillcountry, in Vermont russet fruit dots (or sori) on the underside especially. when Thoreau called this fern "the cheerful community of the Polypody" and labeled it "strangely interesting, even them with outlandish," saying, "It is a fabulous, mythological form such as prevailed when the earth and air and water were inhabited A favorite fern growing more rarely in dusky hardwoods is the beech fern, delicate and downy, growing low to the ground in a triangular shape ending in a fine point. Other familiar wood's species are the marginal shield and spinulose wood ferns, both evergreens; the small New York fern; and the silvery spleenwort, a vigorous fern of medium size bearing half-moon shaped fruit dots on the backs of the upper fronds. a fern acquaintances, including the handsome, hardy Christmas fern, and the polypody, or rock fern. The latter is usually found on large rocks or hillsides, in spore. by those laurel extinct fossilized creatures that About the end of April, the osmundas, or ostrich ferns, begin to unroll their fiddle heads, this large fern being the much touted edible variety. These magnificent sunny-banked swampy streams, places or along and have our thoughts we connect birch and maple groves, with and lady's slipper, and with the thrush's song. we find." giants grow in In Silvery at first, the fruit dots later turn dark brown. Quite rare spore-bearing fronds in midsummer. In the woods or at the wood's edge stand the its and cinnamon ferns. Both species grow circle-wise and were once known as "basket ferns", the strong the small grape fern, fronds coarsely serrated, holding spore stalk stately interrupted is above. The rattlesnake its fern manner, branching into three fronds from a single stem; but it grows 8- in similar �is larger and summer more to tell the species apart above the plant like a banner. Truly beautiful is the maidenhair fern with its green tresses arranged in a circulet atop the wiry stem. The maidenhair spleenwort must be the shyest of ferns; and but once did we find a specimen poised delicately in the crevice of a damp cliff wall above a moun- the fruit By pressing the individual ferns and mounting them in a scrapbook, one can make one's own fern guide. We the fronds. doubt if we could approach the expertise of Frances Theodora Parsons, but we can still prove her theories on the relationship of physical and mental health to out-door tain-side cavern. We and sometimes the only way is by inspecting dots, or sporangia, on the back of their variety, finely serrated. In late the light brown spore stalk rises find the ferns quite bewildering in pursuits! ••• Middlefield Boys* Club (A "history" based only upon memories dating back to the year 1908) by Richard Waite RAZZLE - DAZZLE - ZIP MIDDLEFIELD'S BOYS' CLUB approximately twenty young farm boys ranging in ages from twelve to eighteen who lived in this hill town more than sixty years ago. It was delivered not only in our home town on many occasions but in such metropolitan communities as Pittsfield, While and New York — RAH RAH RAH - - That such a club did come into being was due to the interest and efforts of a Miss Alice B. Church, descendant of some of the town's early settlers and operators of woolen mills in the town. It was she who not only "sparked" the idea but opened her home for our meetings and guided us in our selection of officers. How often we met we cannot recall; what we do remember is that stormy weather rarely kept us at home on meeting nights. She gave us an elementary education in the ramifications of parliamentary procedures and stimulated our interest in local, state, and City. cheer probably was not delivered with the finesse of a college cheering game - of travel. this section at a football - "Shank's Mare" was our principal means This was the "Cheer" of a group of Springfield, Boston, BOOM BAH - for enthus- iasm, vigor, and just plain noise generated by the group involved, it could not be surpassed. Its author is unknown. As far as we can recall - after a lapse of more than six decades the existence of a - we club like ours, in a small rural farming national affairs. Regularly, community of only a few hundred souls, was unique. With our homes spread out over an area of more than twenty square the reports of our secretaries and treas- miles, with many of us attending and conducted in good order whatever business seemed necessary. We especially recall one of our treasurers reporting meeting after meeting that the Club had a treasury balance of $2.99 not urers, "dis- trict" schools, our opportunities for getting meet other boys were more or less confined to those who lived in our immed- to iate districts. And needless to listened to - too bad, considering the value of the dollar at the time. say, -9- Club members were encour- �aged to participate in discussions of current issues, out of which came two retiring to the church's horse sheds (long memorable debates. One debate was to decide which of two of our most famous presidents Washington or Lincoln was the greater individual. We also debated whether it was Admiral Peary or Mr. Cook who really reached the North Pole. We do not remember who the winners were; really, all were winners since no small amount of time was spent poring over history and consulting daily news- the trading of rabbits by those papers to support positions or the other the of Sometime after the Club had been organized and seemed to be functioning in good shape, its activities began to draw the attention of boys who either were outside the age limitations or chose not to belong. Among this group our club was known "The Bright Boys' Brigade". centers as Pittsfield, Boston, and Nantasket Beach, and two trips to New York City. "debated". We were also encouraged to develop any latent theatrical skills by putting on "shows" at the local Town Hall, which were well patronized by local citizens. Especially during the summer months, summer with the influx of played to many full visitors, as Probably the high points of activity experienced by our club members were the trips that were taken to such metropolitan one being in favor of principles for who owned this species of livestock. — — down) following meetings since torn and for some of us, travel time by horse and buggy and public transportation would approximate two In that era, to Pittsfield hours, in contrast to today's easy half- hour automobile drive. we Our houses, often with the first trip, to Pittsfield, provided parents and friends accounted for these many "firsts" for most of us: visiting a museum, eating in a restaurant, and going turn-outs rather than the quality of our to a "SRO" sign out. Probably the loyalty of moving picture theater. Not very exciting by today's standards! As indicated earlier, this trip was only an introduction to much more extensive travel. How this and later trips were made performances. As far as we know, none of our members aspired to the professional stage. Some time after Miss Church had the Club organized and functioning, it seemed possible its ister of the local church. A. Estabrook. It Rev. may have been William that we were getting out of hand and needed to have the kind of discipline a man - especially a clergyman - might provide. Whatever the reason, Mr. Estabrook met regularly with the Club and took an active its activities until exist. Fortunately, contributed One much activity to the Club's activities. which neither Miss Church nor Mr. Estabrook supervised or participated in, and in which only a few of the club members were did not We now assume that these and probably others, including local citizens and parents, were our benefactors. To the best of our knowledge, their names have never been revealed. Our horizons were further widened by a trip to Boston and Nantasket Beach, probably by an "excursion" train that ran a Dr. Hurlburt. two men. Miss the Club ceased to he was highly respected as an individual as well as a clergyman and part in apparently concern us, and were never revealed to us as far as we can remember. But among those who had summer homes in our town at the time was a Mr. David C. Coe of Longmeadow who was one of Springfield's leading tailors, and who was one of our tour guides on later trips. Assisting him on these trips was a Springfield dentist, members, in a relatively orderly manner, she asked for help from the min- to financially involved was that of - 10- Church, �' between Springfield and Boston during the By train we went YMCA to Albany to spend the where we experienced summer months. night in a had influence with the Boston and Albany Railroad, for one of the express trains running from Chicago to Boston was "flagged" at the Middlefield station early in the morning to take us aboard. Probably this was the first and only time in the rail- tile-lined pool. This Getting to Springfield was arranged by someone who apparently road's history that an express train made swimming in an indoor, was in sharp contrast to our local swimming holes. Early the following morning we boarded a Hudson River Dayline boat the "Hendric Hudanother "first" - voyage to New City. While we probably reflected very little at the time upon the scenic aspects of the trip (we do have rather imposing hills in Middlefield) or the historic areas by which we cruised, the memory son" York a pick-up in our town. Upon our arrival at Boston's South we were immediately introduced Station, to the rush hardly had and noise of metropolitan we emerged from South life; of Station came roaring overhead at what seemed to be only slightly less than super- sonic speed. Awed by the sight and sound, one of our members collided with some force with a baby carriage, much to the disgust of the lady who had a definite concern for the occupant of the carriage. a first sight of memory that when 'natural' on the outside of a securely locked door with the key on the inside, thus creating some suits are quite a lot near-panic situations. Whoever locked doors back home? Sight-seeing in the New York area included an evening more revealing than those we saw on the at Nantasket.) It was a tired bunch of who our was the only coolant. Our headquarters in the city was the Mills Hotel, where spring locks on the bedroom doors frequently created situations where occupants found themselves beach kids It is ice water for most, if not all of us; a swim in the ocean; doing the many attractions made it all a day to remember. (Inciden- swim stays with us. establishments of that era salt today's it all for a down-river huge ice houses along the banks of the upper Hudson River and we now wonder about the amount of pollution consumed in the homes and public eating train tally, - there were onto Atlantic Avenue than an elevated A boat trip down the harbor; - at arrived in Springfield to spend Coney Island, a "rubber-neck" bus tour of the Bowery, Central Park, a visit to the night with our hosts in Springfield and Longmeadow. A sight-seeing trip in the home Springfield area and back in the afternoon. New York City the Club staged a "show" presumably to raise money. The finale was a song to the tune of "The Old Oaken Bucket". The first few lines are recalled as: "We're off on our trip to New York, Prior to another trip Coney Island, Your kindness in - to helping we ne'er shall Sightseeing bus forget We tires) have Coe for a pilot, the doctor to Boy s in New York City. (Note solid Photograph taken circa 1914 Middlefield Club. Dick Waite second fi'om left. help him And we '11 take in the sights of New York. ' Grant's - 11 - Tomb (then out in what was rela- �tively the open country) and an elevator ride observation Building", then, deck we believe, the second tallest building in the city. ride so terrified one of our was only with great On by "Singer the of some home." to and return This elevator members that — afforded those between the United States and Europe. We also saw the "steerage" accommodations under which so many immigrants to the United States traveled. During World War I, this was one of the ships by which U.S. service-men were transported between the United States and Europe, though not traveling traveled home to Middlefield business Fully half of the original first-class known of milking members are have died. The whereabouts of they are living, is not known. Those who are living and who have conothers, to if tributed to the preparation of this "his- tory" include Ralph Bell, Amasa Graves, and Richard Waite (all of Middlefield) and Russell Ferris of Westfield. On November first class. On one the feeding the pigs and chickens, weeding the crops, and harvesting the hay. But we had "seen the world" and liked what we saw. There was yet another trip to New York this time by night boat from Hartford, Connecticut, the details of which seem to have been lost in time. persuaded to ride down. We "tube" under the Hudson River to the New Jersey shore where we went aboard the North German Lloyd liner the "Kaiser Wilhelm 11". Here we came face- who to cows, it he was rode the difficulty that to-face with the luxuries train to Springfield, a night with hosts there, and back we were walking 19th, 1976, Ralph and Elia York, a couple of Bell celebrated their sixty-fifth wedding anniversay here is Middlefield. When they men were overheard commenting on the nature of our group. To the question: "I wonder what that bunch is", the response was, "Probably some bunch from an were married, the suit Ralph wore was made by the David C. Coe tailors, fulfilling a promise made by Mr. Coe that he would give a suit of clothes to the first insane asylum or a bunch of orphans from member occasion, as along a sidewalk in New of the Middlefield Boys' Club to be marrried. There certainly were many other experiences in the relatively short history of the Middlefield Boys' Club which should be recorded but, unfortunately, they have been forgotten. Before it is too late, we want to record as best we can these experiences that meant so much to those of us who were members of our Club. We offer a belated "Thank You" to the memory of all parents and friends who supported our David C. Coe and his associates, to Rev. William Estabrook for his steadying influence. And especially we pay tribute to the memory of Miss Alice B. Church, who made it all possible. activities; to Some members of Boys Club at Coney Island. ' Dick Waite second from left, second row. - 12- �Members of the Middlefield Boys Club ' Ralph Bell Luke Benis Cecil Deceased Deceased Deceased Brown Alfred Churchill Alfred Cone ? Carleton Cone ? Russell Ferris Westfield Amasa Graves Joseph Kelley Elias Paul Nickerson Harold Pease Ralph Pease Roland Pease Merrick Stockwell Richard Sweeney Middlefield William Sweeney Richard Waite Henry Curley Middlefield Florence Lyman Deceased Deceased Deceased Deceased Deceased Deceased (A Pittsfield Middlefield 9 summer resident) ••• Granville's Loyalist Minister: Rev. Jedidiah Smith by Helena Duris and Barbara Brainerd well It is known that the town of Gran- of raising a large family. The Massachusetts, distinguished itself during the Revolutionary War by sending a ville, first years of Jedidiah 's ministry in of patriots to fight for the were peaceful and profitable ones. He was an excellent preacher and cause of independence. Not so well known fostered for a while a revival of religion, same town harbored was a Loyalist - a sympathizer with King George III of England. In a series of adding to the church thirty new members in the year 1757 alone. Gradually, however, he fell under the influence of Rev. Solomon Stoddard of Northampton, Mass- strange and sometimes bizarre events, this achusetts, man was things, that "all adult large is number the fact that this within its rustic borders a Granville gentleman who dismissed from his position as Church pastor of the First Congregational Church, who who among other Members of the advocated, are not scandalous" be packed up most of his worldly goods, rounded up some fifteen members of his family and emigrated to the remote territory of Louisiana. Jedidiah Smith was born in Suffield, Connecticut, and graduated from Yale in 1750. On December 1, 1756, he was ordained as minister of the church in Granville. He was given a settlement of one hundred dollars and a salary of fifty dollars which was later raised to seventy dollars. He married, and purchased from John Spelman ninety acres of land on which he built a house and settled down to the chore "The Parsonage" Smith. -13- built in 1751 by Rev. Jedidiah �allowed to take communion. This aroused the anger of many who felt that "Stoddard- eanism", as al for it was was far too liber- the Congregational Church. They that only persons that called, is, avowed to intended to sail down the Connecticut River to the Atlantic Ocean and to follow the coast around to the mouth of the Miss- felt issippi River. who were "regenerate," be Only one of Rev. Smith's sons did not go along on the journey. This was Jedidiah the spirit of Christ, in should be allowed the privilege of communion. Council after council was called in to Smith, living in advise and heal the difficulties with who was already married and Blandford. Sumner Gilbert Wood, Jr., in his Ulster Scots and Blandford Scouts, "a most impor- the Granville church, but without effect. refers to Jedidiah, Jr., as On town voted "that Mr. Smith should be dismissed," and he was dismissed accordingly on that same tant day. that he "probably differed from the polit- April 16, 1776, the townsfolk concerning Rev. his but there are other the history of the to sully with the taint of Toryism, states sentiments of his father." the very beginning the voyage of From the Smith family was marked with trouble Loyalist leanings. Certainly such a patriotic approval, name ical Smith's community must have expressed some in town," and, evidently not wishing History does not record the attitude of the functionary and tragedy. At Middletown their deparwas delayed for some time since the vessel they were to board, co-owned by the notorious General Lyman, was suspected of harboring British officers who were escaped prisoners. After the arrest and then the release of Lyman, the family finally was able to sail from Middletown about the middle of May. They endured a "boisterous passage" to the mouth of the Mississippi and up the river as far as New Orleans. Here they met with more delay. At the time of their arrival the Spanish authorities had placed in effect a quarantine due to the presence of small pox, and it was not until the middle of August that the family was able to procure a small craft to take them up the river to Natchez. Their vessel had gone no more than two miles when a sudden squall arose, nearly capsizing them. They were successful in making an emergency landing at the estate of an English gentleman, with whom they dis- reasons ture which must have contributed to his desire to depart from the area. For one thing, he had seven sons who would have been liable for enlistment as soldiers in the Continental Army if the family were to remain in Granville. Also his good friend. General Phineas Lyman of Suffield, Connecticut (a well-known Tory, by the way) offered to Rev. Smith a large tract of land in Louisiana. The ties with General Lyman were further cemented by the fact that his son had promised marriage to one of Rev. Smith's daughters. The group of emigrants was increased by the addition of four more persons. Rev. Smith's brother, Elnathon, who was married to Hannah Bates of the illustrious Bates family of Granville, had been away in service with General Lyman for two years. He now wrote a letter requesting that his wife and three children be allowed accompany Jedidiah's family to Louisiana where Elnathon would meet them and all would start a new and prosperous life decided to leave a great part of their belongings (furniture, farming utensils, bed- together. Thus, counting Jedidiah's wife their small craft and At that period the country was settled only for a short distance above New Orleans and then at scattered intervals. to ten children, there were ding, wearing apparel, and library), since sixteen Smiths who set out from Granville for Middletown, Connecticut. From there they - 14- was over-laden. �Finding accommodations for the large family was often difficult. The weather was both heads of the family, suffered greatly from sickfrom privations of every kind extremely warm with showers two or three times a day, exposing the group to alter- ness and from the raids of savage Indians. Furthermore, the property which they had left with the English gentleman near New — nating hot sun and cold rain. After fifteen Orleans was confiscated by the Spanish days of this discomfort, they arrived at Fort Adams, about four miles below Natchez. It was here that they received the tragic news that Mr. Elnathon Smith had died. To add to the family's distress, very shortly thereafter Rev. Smith was seized by a violent Aggravated by the inclement fever. England was now at war with Spain. No aid was ever forthcoming from the formerly friendly General Lyman nor from his son, the Smith girl's intended husband. The saga of the Jedidiah Smith family ends here, but, although unrecorded, the luck of the unhappy group apparently took a turn for the better. The Delaware Art Museum in Wilmington, Delaware, contains a portrait of Calvin Smith who was the youngest son of Jedidiah and was born authorities since weather and the uncomfortably crowded conditions aboard the small boat, his condition worsened rapidly. Jedidiah became delirious and, in a fit of frenzy, leaped into the river. Although he was saved from a watery grave, the drenching heightened his fever, and seven days later, without ever having regained his "rational senses", he died. The date of his death was September 2, 1776. He was buried at Natchez on a high cliff, two hundred feet that the remains of this once-prominent have completely and socially. Over the years descendants of the Smith clan return to visit the "home town" of Granville. The most recent visitor was Mr. E.D. Ogden of Natchez. It is evident that in spite of hardships and tragedies, the progeny of Jedidiah Smith, Loyalist, of Granville, have become respected and since fallen into the Mississippi River so citizen is a success both economically above the river, in the then common burial ground. His grave, along with others, has Granville He portrayed as a prosperous, middle-aged gentleman, quite clearly in Granville. dis- appeared. prosperous citizens of the states of Louis- The band of travelers, now deprived iana and Mississippi. of The main source for this article is a hand-written record labeled, "An Interesting Account of Jedidiah Smith. " The author is unknown. The document was found in the office of the Town Clerk of Granville. Material was also taken from the following: Walker, Williston. A History of the Congregational Churches in the United States. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1903. Wilmington Society of Fine Arts. American Painting and Sculpture. Lebanon Valley Offset, Inc., 1975. Wood, Sumner Gilbert. Ulster Scots and Blandford ••• -15- Scouts. Anneville, Penn.: West Medway, Mass.: 1928. �Me and contributed by Bertha Bronson poem and story was taken from a 1966 copy of the magazine "Good Old Days", and was penned by an unknown author for an old time phonograph record, in the 1860's right after the Civil War. This We were both brought up in a country town Was me and Jim, And the whole world seemed to frown On me and him. was me and him. And we heard the screech of shot and shell. The snarl of the guns and the rebel yell. And we followed the flag through the battles of hell. Did me and Jim. At school we never was given a chance to learn Or be Jim 's friend. And we both wore patches on our pants. 'Twas the day Death came J1 Did me and Jim. we fought at Seven to Jim, Oaks, and excuse me please, but I sorta choke. Talking of him. But we both grew hearty, hale, and strong. Did me and Jim. We knew every note in a thrush 's song. Did me and Jim. For his rugged brown hand I held in mine, Till his soul passed out in the picket line, Where an angel waited to count and sign. The death ofJim. We knew where the bluebirds built their nests, Then Ifought on till the war was done, without poor Jim, Was given a sword intead of a gun. When Spring tipped over the mountain Why the robins all wore solid vests,;; Did me and Jim. ^ , crest. i^; And I thought of him. 3r\. Then we fell in love, As most folks do. I Did me and Jim. And Ifaced about for my whole life I was quite a me and him. ' up in the race you see, Was me and him. and she answered me no, Jim followed suit, and she wouldn 't have him, and told him so, I popped man in the country place She gave me a smile with a blessingface. And asked about him. And I told of how as a soldier brave. He fought and died, as she sat alongside. a quilten party or huskin bee. We were even route I left with Jim. And she treated us both alike did she, At 's But not with Jim. We was out with the same gal though. We two. That 's wore an eagle when mustered out. On my shoulder strap; And sol kissed her because she cried, it first, Kissed her for Jim: Then I married her one bright day For me and Jim. 2' Forbidden fruit we called her then. in June, And I'm afraid we cussed a little, and then: — And often We prayed she would live and die a plain old maid. under the stars and moon We talked of him. Did me and Jim. And after awhile when the baby came, And him wantin a name. Then the war broke out, and Company B caught me and Jim. We were both on a trip for the Union, ' We just called him, Jim. see. - 16- a boy, �Nooney Obituary contributed Frank S. Nooney The story of the life, activities, and accomplishments of James Nooney, one of Chester's most unusual sons, is now all but forgotten. Only a few distant nephews and nieces are familiar with it, he having left no posterity. Some of the older members of the family have, over the years, acquired bits and pieces of information about Uncle James, but the most complete available account of his life is contained in a eulogistic obituary which apparently was published in a now unknown area newspaper at the time of his death in 1865. Let that account tell the story: Obituary Upon The DEATH OF PROFESSOR JAMES NOONEY 1895 - CHESTER'S REMARKABLE SON Astronomer, Scientist, Linguist, who lately died at the Old Homestead on Chester Hill. James Nooney, probably the most noted man born and northwestern reared in Chester, recently Britian boundary between and the United States Great in 1850-60. died, well advanced in his 85th year, at the This was Nooney's great service, but he home was through of his boyhood where his whole and excellent man. for over ten years he had led a singularly recluse life. Notwithstanding that his active work had brought him into contact and sympathy with eminent men in various walks of life, Mr. Nooney absolutely sequestered himself from the world in his last years, and could not be persuaded to appear at the church centennial celebration at Chester Center last October. Chester is one of the most modest places in New England, and yet she has a pride in Professor James Nooney, when she remembers that the United States government chose him as astronomer and mathematician in running the boundary line between Mexico and this country in 1849, and again in locating the life a most useful James Nooney was born on Chester Hill, near where Charles Ingalls now lives, in a house since demolished which the old residents called "the house on the hill". had been a hotel. His birth occurred August 12, 1810, and he died very near the same place, on Good Friday, and was buried in the old graveyard on Easter Sunday. It is an interesting coincidence that an astronomer should die and his remains be laid to rest on anniversaries determined by astronomical calculations. Nooney's family was originally Irish, like It many of the settlers of Murrayfield, as the territory -17- which comprised nearly all of the �' present towns of Chester and Huntington owner of the ship Orpheus of 1000 tons He was a hard working farmer's boy, and had to labor and save in every way to enable himself to get an education, for he had no help from home. He was twenty-eight years old when he burden, carrying 150 passengers. was called. was graduated Yale College, and he had distinguished himself that he was so at 29, 1838, and did ing receive his to Nooney remained Professor travelling over our 1859, being appointed astronomer on the commission of the United States and Great Britain to settle the northern boundary line, on the 49th parallel between the Pacific and the Great Lakes. The Reverend E.C. Haynes of Chester writes: He joined the commission at the point where the 49th intersects the monuments were mark August of 1859 he passed a glacier of one or two miles in extent, and 100 or 200 feet thick; his direction and traversed every state except Rhode Island. ' fix the points along the set to line. In solid blue ice like the great does not appear, but he did. He had been over every territory, and a considerable part of this journey was made before 1848, when he was appointed astronomer and mathematician on the southern boundary survey. This work occupied him somewhat more than a year. While engaged in running this boundary between Mexico and the United States, Professor Nooney possessed himself of a piece of the coral of which was built the fort of San Juan de glaciers in the Alps, and about 6000 feet above the ocean level. In September 1860, he was on the summit that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic from those flowing to He could in five minutes drink from the brooks running in the different directions. There the Missouri is a small brook, which he could step across. So also the Saskatchewan which empties into Hudsons Bay. The great Columbia rises near that place, and flows to the Pacific the Pacific. Oliva, at Vera Cruz, taken in our Mexican War. Afterward, Mr. Nooney went to California and in April, 1850, he was engaged in laying out a new city in associa- southwesterly. The great Colorado rises a little south of that point, and empties into Gulf of California.* The mountain peaks arose nearly a mile above him, and the tion with the surveyor-general of the state. He was parallel waters of the Pacific. His work was to establish astronomical stations, and under whole country. He has Rhody Bahama joint some years ''little sailed to the Professor Nooney was again called into the Why he should have left out He the service of the government in April, without waitdiploma. Professor so, Nooney spent took in Islands in March, 1858. navy for two years, cruising in the Gulf of Mexico in the Gulf Squadron, and stopping at various ports. He returned from this service in 1840, and was appointed tutor at Yale, and remained until 1843. From 1844 to 1847 he was professor of mathematics and natural philosophy in the Western Reserve College, then located at Hudson, Ohio. in traffic as a passenger. appointed before graduation to be professor of mathematics in the United States Navy and was ordered to join the sloop £'ne on June He Samoa, where he stopped twelve days, and he also touched on the Hawaiian and Fijian Islands. Returning in March, 1853, he visited many of the South Sea Islands; at Honolulu he sold his ship and returned to San Francisco lading for two miles above the level of the ocean, and were clad in snow all summer. It snowed on those peaks, while rain was falling for three days in the little valley where he then was. There was erected an observatory and county surveyor, and also ran private surveys at a high price, obtaining for one job $15,000. In June 1852, he went to Australia, sailing from San Francisco as commander and halflater elected - 18- �eral years in an astronomical instrument was set up, and by the most careful observations and New Haven, and lived in Springfield on Allen Street for a year. He then went to Florida, where he remained calculations the exact position of the 49th a few years, and suffered from a serious was there determined. A stone pyramid was erected to show the dividing line in all time to come. It was parallel of latitude which hurt his health. Then he went to Kansas as a place where he would find a remedial climate, but there fever and ague drove him away. After a brief stay in Michigan, he returned of yellow attack probably from this point that through an instrument along the swath cut to run the line that he could see the Pacific Ocean.* He finished his work of actual surveying on October 25, 1860. But he found it neces- fever, say to make copies of all field notes and computations. To this end he began and continued a dreary march of 35 days, often enveloped in snow, and nearly all the time drenched with rain, swimming great rivers now and again; he arrived in good health December 1860, 1, Washington Depot, Colville at There he spent a comfortable winter preparing his notes and calculations for transit to Washington, D.C. territory. Professor Nooney to the old March 4, consumed more than left Colville 1861, and the journey spring, found awaiting him orders bors, to go once to at He survey, which, of course, he did. returned to California, where he did public service. He was for Company in 1863, then much anniversary of the Center Church last But "like all true students", writes Reverend Mr. Haynes, "he was ever reaching upwards. He continued his studies up to the time of his last illness. He was a fine linguist and studied the Bible in various languages and was a member of the College Church in New Haven." October. and carried on the some fourteen years. Returning to the East, Professor Nooney made his home for sev- *Note: It Hayne's will be apparent to letter, particularly some and yet one without any pretense. became in a sense a habit with him and he was not present at the notable some time calling of surveyor in California for that there are inaccuracies in the Reverend with respect to the topography of the area where the 49th parallel of latitude crosses the Rocky Mountains. For instance, the Pacific Ocean is not visible from any point in the Montana Rockies because of distance and intervening mountain ranges. The "summit" of the Continental Divide mentioned probably refers to Triple Divide Mountain in what is now Glacier National Park. Waters from that area do flow northeast to Hudson Bay, southeast to the Gulf of Mexico, and west to the Pacific Ocean. They do not flow to the Colorado River and the Gulf of California. Tributaries of the Missouri, Columbia, and Saskatchewan Rivers do rise there but not the main rivers. These inaccuracies were undoubtedly due to a lack of on Seclusion his superintendent of the public institute, and he was engineer of the Humboldt Tunnelling Hill, when he died at a venerable age. He was a man little known by his neigh- a month; he rode 400 miles on horseback, arriving at San Francisco April 10. He Washington and make the report of homestead on Chester the Cook Brook Road, and there passed his last ten years from October, 1884, until this knowledge about what was then a - 19- vast, wild, and remote region. �The Pine by William Rose There 's something calm and majestic Something wild and still sublime and allfantastic Rare especially is the Pine. Lovely, sweet, Oaks are stalwart, maples useful, Willows weep their tears sublime All have beauty, grace, or strength, but None more glorious than the Pine. Most trees change from green As the summer turns to fall. to crimson While the Pine through every season Is most changeless of them all. Always green, the Pine in winter While her comrade trees do sleep Protects, By Elm it seems, her sleeping sisters the vigil watch she keeps. trees shade the dogs and horses. Just as hemlocks serve the steer. Does the Pine tree offer shelter? Yes! for partridge andfor deer. Ash is hewn for sleds and sleigh pins. Walnut beds will last for time; But the houses that we live in Are the best when built from pine. Only groans we hear from hickories. Alders ne er give aught but creaks; Oh, for more trees like the Pine tree With its constant whisperings sweet! Should the Maker of all nature And the Keeper of all time. me which tree is my favorite Bid I 'd say - ' 'Maker, 'tis the Pine ' '. with permission -20- �Varied Green by Madeline Hunter I wish for unfettered freedom For a varied-green meadow With a motionless willow That weeps in joy, not sorrow Whose gnarled roots have penetrated the And give account of the years. soil I seek the comfort of wisdom an ancient farmer, a discovering child greened meadow that rocks rocks a regeneration rhythm rocks the message of our time rocks in peace will be juxtaposed I seek I seek the That That That That With the cradle of civilization. Drawing by Michael Rubin. - 21 - �West Worthington Indians This tiny booklet, OF 2'/2 inches by 3V* inches is spotted and yellowed with age. It once belonged to Mrs. H.G. Porter and is now in the possession of her grandson, Mr. Edward Porter of Worth- THE. ington. M.^Ak _ Mile, "^v\>o oj rt« iOorTV) u«dri»l It was printed in 1881 by J.M. Stearns, Dalton, Massachusetts. Br«Hcl, 4rtl£. Chauncey Stephenson, the author, was old character year* /jo. who a quaint traveled about peddling salve from a basket that he carried on his arm. The entire contents of the booklet is quoted herewith: Chapter 1 Location, Rock Formation, &c. This very remarkable spot, the very plain above the and certain and the course of the stream, north and south, seems to be near the axle of the nearly perpendicular strata, as it was thrown up site of a The is lo- cated in the west part of the town of Worthington, Hampshire Co., Mass. about twenty miles west of Northampton, and fifteen miles east of Pittsfield, and directly on the original Boston & Albany Turnpike, so famous for staging before the days of the great geological upheaval of a very remote period of time. The springs and stream above mentioned have been famous for the yield of the "speckled beauties". A middle aged man; Mr. A. Granger, has told the writer that he had formerly taken therefrom trout that weighed two and two and a half pounds each, and in early times people have taken them still larger, through the ice on the pond, with their hands. This remarkable favorable location was doubtless found by the Indians at some very remote period; either by ascending the stream from Westfield and Huntington, or, which I think more probable, by the eastern route through Swift River, (where the relics mentioned in the following chapter have been found). East and West Cummington, and Jordanville, to the Only half a mile to the northeast of the once famous Snake Hill (so named from the tortuous windings of the road as it ascends the rocky bluff into Peru) there are several large and deep springs of clear, cold water, with the brook issuing from them which constitutes the source of said stream of little over a mile south, descends in a succession of most beautiful cascades, to the depth of more than one hundred of water is feet. The volume not very large except in time of long or hard rains, Spring and Fall is considerable, producing a vast of splashing and foaming it is among when it amount the rocks: famous trout springs already described and to the pitfalls near them; to be des- the most wild and romantic Sylvan scenery imaginable, and by hundreds from all is a in Railroads. Rivulet, which after flowing a is sort of coarse Schistose or slate, small Tribe of the aboriginal inhabitants of America, Falls. ledge, or rock formation here, yearly visited scribed in the next chapter. parts of the Union. This rivulet turns several busy mills, for various wood manufactories, in its course Chapter The -22- II Pitfalls, for catching animals, &c. face of the country around the seat of �these wild sons of the forest, arrow-heads, stone hatchets, etc. like all of New England lying between the back of the main rivers, is broken into high hills Their burial ground, it would seem, was some twenty or thirty rods north, on still and ridges of abrupt and rocky ledges. The ancient pitfalls of this family of Indians; which ground central uated I higher, sandy ground, where one or is in a kind of natural basin of one mile in partially shall take as a in this description, sit- about diameter, of dry gravelly more decayed skulls have been found. Their corn field, of which the Indians always had one, was on level ground, about eight rods north-east of the pits, of nearly an acre in extent. This was found well cleared up when first settled by the Whites. Their wigwams were doubtless built in small tribe, or soil, very clear of stone, and about twenty rods east of the stream. There are two of them number, arranged in northerly and southerly directions and about three rods apart, the north one being somewhat the in a shallow excavation similar "to the pits, at the east end of the corn field, for the con- largest, they are oval in shape; in the polar eter; old residents say they diamhave formerly venience of watching the same. The number of these Indians probably never exceeded one hundred, and perhaps known them when they were fifteen feet in not direction, from two to three rods in more than half that number. The scarcity of game, caused by the depth, although in the process of culture around them they have been filled up with stone and earth to within about six feet of the surrounding surface. further indication of its pits, I former so far as GRAVE of the Chief. These stones showed very plainly the agency of human hands, not only in the settling of them, two feet in the ground, (they rise about two feet and a half above the surface), but also the shape of the stones, being very heavy, with a broad base in the ground. The top or exposed part, seemed to be rounded somewhat like a post, which was evidently done by percussion with other stones, and not with Numerous relics of this in the vicinity: my knowledge extends. I think they might have taken a large flat stone of the best quality for the or planks. purpose to be found in the vicinity, and by fashioning in their way, made a very good hill digger or scraper, and then by attaching strong thongs of bark or rawhide, and with a team of a dozen stout Indians, and with one of the largest and strongest to hold it, excavated the dirt, a bushel at a iron or steel instruments. been found Whites, With one suggestion as to the probable method of digging these very large pits, I now close my sketch. As we all know, they had no metallic utensils or implements of any kind, and no means of making boards discovered the head and foot sources was doubtless the the This was the only settlement of Indians, except the Stockbridges, in Western Mass. occupants; on about the same level as the of what of doubtless led to their withdrawal, or union with some other tribe. searching the primitive Forest for In some encroachment gradual people have such as flint load, with considerable celerity. ••• -23- �Hayden Pond by Doris W. Hayden am I from Littleville Reservoir into the swamp above Hayden Pond. This would then flow into Cobble Mountain Reservoir. Because authorities in Springfield declared it to be a "dirty pond", it was drained and only the brook remains. When the dam was removed, a big chestnut log was found in which the "gate" had been placed. Howard Mason and so grateful to Stone Walls for making information about an up and down sawmill available to me. I had seen the original at Mr. Mason's some time ago and spotted the section which was reprinted in 'our magazine and wanted to get a copy of that part of it. My interest stems from the fact that John Brockett, my husband's ancestor, bought eighty acres of land in Blandford in 1793 out of Farm Lot #43, known as Birch Meadow Lot from the brook running through it. Instead of making the brook a boundary on the west, he owned across it which seemed at first unusual. However, on thinking things through, it was evident he intended to dam the brook with the cooperation of a neighbor, perhaps James Campbell, who owned land to the south in ' ' ' Farm The was pond wonderful place, though. In early spring the peepers nearly burst themselves with their shrill, constant calling. One night my son said, "Mommy, can't you stop that noise?" The best I could do was close the window. At one time suckers ran up the little feeder brook to spawn. We had a wise old mother cat who always went down and sat a by a narrow place ready to scoop out a fish when it went by. She was pretty adept, Lot #44. too. A Redwing pond, later known as Hayden Pond, was made and a canal constructed from the squeaking like rusty hinges, with black ducks and colorful mallards doing "tip-ups", were always lower end to a mill erected on the neighbor's property. For many years real estate blackbirds, there in the spring. Once I saw a pair of show that John Brockett owned small black and white bufflehead ducks. one-half interest in the mill. Later on, his Occasionally there would be a blue heron descendants were owners. The mill is long gone although standing tax records site. I years. law am On last know its was operating for many sure it reading diaries of winter, I came my sawed on sticking out above the calls entries times operated the mill believe it was still in night long. all use for I many more years, but have no sure proof. Hayden Pond is no more. The City of Springfield bought all the land along the west side of Cobble Mountain Road a few years ago. They installed station in Huntington a sounded hay land. like the working of an old When disturbed, slammed against the surface pumping and a huge pipeline to Blandford to carry water, wood pond weeds. Their time pump. Several times otter were seen playing in the water but they never stayed long. In later years, beaver came and built their complex houses. My husband was not too happy about that because they raised the water level and flooded some of our best He some- different days. at times, looking for all the world like dried out bits of father-in- referring to the mill in 1864, with the board feet catch an unwary frog. were there Bitterns, too, I across stiffly to sounding when needed. crosswise. -24- like a flat tail of the water, breaking a board in half �skates wobbling around, tumbling down, Dragonflies darted above the pond and small schools of fish. We did not and trying up again, also experts moving along so easily and gracefully. If the ice was right on moonlit nights, the air was filled with shouts and calls swim take the there because of the possibility of encount- — ugly things! — with a bonfire or two to out of fingers and toes. chill One might paraphrase "This There were also water snakes seen at times. Swallows would do a sort of ballet dance above the pond in summer, swooping down to catch the insects just above the water. Kingfishers, too, made sudden dives to capture a fish. From my living room window, I often looked across the pond to see a row of glistening shells of big turtles sunning themselves on an old log. In winter, the pond was a safe mecca for skaters. No public maintenance there! The skaters cleared off the snow themselves when necessary. I have seen perhaps fifty skaters, young and old, at one amateurs with their new Christmas time ering leeches themselves picking but water striders made dimples on the surface, A look down through the water revealed other life such as pollywogs in various stages of development, newts, and is the house that Jack built" and say:"This is the mill that John built. This the pond, that ran the mill is than John built. These are the fish, that lived in the pond, that ran the mill that John built. These are the kingfishers, that caught the fish, that lived in the pond, that ran the mill that Johnbuih." And on and on, ad infinitum. What about the ecology Who of the area? can say that draining the pond was I am not an expert on such good or bad? matters but — I do know I miss a lot of enjoy- ment. Story of a British Deserter Daniel Prince by Virginia Ladd Otis A flows under the road, a woods road leads favorite place for hikers to visit in Williamsburg, close to the Goshen Line, is Burgoyne's Cave. The wild place of cliff past the cave a distance of perhaps half a mile. and tumbled rock received its name because of a visit by the British general and some of his men on their way to Boston The cave is screened from the road by markers show its location. There is no cave here at all, and a better name would be Burgoyne's Cliff or Cleft There is a narrow canyon between the parent cliff and a great slab which fell off some little time ago and stands four to six feet away, completely open to the sky. If the men slept here, they slept up and hemlock after their decisive defeat at the battle of Saratoga in 1777. One can reach the cave from the end of Old Clary Road, where a grassy wagon trees, but ribbon ! road proceeds to the woods. Another approach is made by a straight climb from Route 9 beginning past the steep cliffs on down one is heading north from Williamsburg to Goshen. Just beyond a settlement of small houses, where a stream the site, hill, as the floor is not level! A little brook flows nearby, and the spot is very cool, having a northern exposure with the sun seldom penetrating the shade of hem- left, if -25- �Burgoyne's men camped there in October, and perhaps they saw the same kinds of birds we did on one occasion pine grosbeaks flying through green shadows, bright as butterflies, and a flock of golden-crowned kinglets, lisping their joy to be alive. From the Williamsburg History we gain The marker of granite faced with was erected by William Miller, a locks. — this amusing concerning incident who camped British soldiers here: schist great- great grandson of Daniel Prince, probably in the 1930's. The marker is inscribed with a drawing of the British flag and the words: the "On his way back to Boston, General Burgoyne and a few straggling soldiers took shelter in a cave on the Clary farm. In the morning this unwelcome company entered the kitchen of owned by Samuel Barber, and snatched the milk jars from the farmhouse, then the shelves. In their making eagerness, they necessary to go on to Haydenville for breakfast under the spilled all of it, it old oak at Fairfield's Tavern." Nearby there Evidently one British soldier liked what he saw at this place, for, as the history relates, he "dropped out from the irregular line of march at Springfield and returned to Williamsburg. There an old road leading to Goshen, he built a log cabin. Later this man, Daniel Prince, married a Miss Packard of the neighborhood and reared a family. Among them were twin sons, James and Daniel, born in 1785." The site is close to the cave, and to find it, we continue on the old road and look for a break in the stone wall to the north, where an old sapping road passes through. This leads through a brushy area to an opening, where a hollow in the ground is marked by a triangular stone three and a half feet high and two to three feet wide. inscribed, is PLACE . In the is a rounded ledge on which also by Miller, PRINCE TWINS. vicinity one may find . BIRTH . a site where granite posts were quarried and cut, samples Hill still lying on the forest floor. Walnut towering above us beckons the ambi- tious climber, for some cliffs it is covered with hand- trees, relics of chestnut trees, and which have sheltered many genera- tions of porcupines. off the trees, When the leaves are one can look across to the high rise dorms at the University. Burgoyne's Cave is a fascinating spot which sets one's mind thinking over the when this become a citizen events of Revolutionary times, British soldier decided to of a i5' -26- new country. �. ' Henry Snyder by Lois Ashe Brown landmarks of their youth. His father, whose name he bears, was crushed to death by a falling tree when to visit familiar The following includes excerpts from an hour long visit and taping with Henry H. Snyder at his home, "Brickhaven" at Henry was only nine. After that, as man of the house, he grew up fast, working at a Worthington Four Corners. His wife of sixty years, the former Eva Decelles of Adams, died in early March and he lives in semi-retirement in the home they had variety of jobs. built up handkerchief. in Christian Hollow. Henry H. Snyder June 1977. at ' 'Brickhaven ' . . . old Coon line, District brother and four sisters. Henry attended School He classmates and tells his speaks fondly of the annual reunions with his trict with Coon of one time 50<( .not and the orchard. It was a 1915 stripped-down Ford truck chassis that changed the course of Henry's life. "A couple of fellows from Adams had used it to pull a plow on Cummington Hill where they were raising potatoes to get a farm deferment during World War I. When they finished and left town, they gave the truck to me for kindnesses my mother had done for them," recounts Henry. "By then, I was courting Eva and Born in 1895 on the Snyder farm over on Trouble Street close by the Worthington- Cummington town . Eleanor Ferguson's place tending the farm tion. the my At home by the time he was thirteen, he was cutting enough hay to feed eight cows and a horse all winter, besides cutting wood to keep the family warm. At the same time, he was working out for the neighbors. With his late brother-in-law, Lou Sweet, he worked for three years on Miss "In all the world, is there a place where you would rather live than in Worthington?" was my first question. "Right here in Worthington best place on earth acres of diamonds in my own back yard," replied Henry firmly and without hesita. job paid did together. Worthington, Photograph by Lois Brown . first a week and a red much," he said, "But it was one less mouth to feed at home." He speaks lovingly of his mother and her hard work and kindness to everyone. By the time he was eleven, he was working for his board and room and five dollars a month for Dr. Streeter in Cummington doing chores and driving a team of horses to Williamsburg hauling apples. Henry says he worked so hard that Mrs. Streeter was worried and urged her husband to put on a helper. Arthur Barlow was hired to help but Henry says they fooled around as boys will, and he chuckles as he confesses that he did more work alone than they ever board and room, built in 1951 after they sold the business and home they had "My Dis- when he and Eva entertained them at dinner and then took them on a bus ride around town -27- �" - needed a horse, so I sold it to a fellow over in West Worthington named Jones. He paid me $25 and I bought a horse with it. very small Well, in the spring Jones couldn't start the truck and he told it around town that I all at had stuck him. The word got to me and went over and told him that if he thought So had cheated him I'd buy it back. did. I took a kettle of hot water to up on the crank and it it, lost a cent. Once I sold 48 school busses to Carl Wallin of Hinsdale once. That was some order! For a number of years Henry hauled cars from Buffalo to dealers all over this half of Massachusetts. He got his first account by going to Mr. Shapiro in North Adams and I I I from him. By contracting directly with the car dealer he cut out the middleman and had all the business he could handle. Then the War came along and there were no more cars to haul. "There I was stuck with seven car carriers. But you know my friend, Eddie offering to pulled started, jes' like that." minus any modem accessories, Henry tells how he worked nights and weekends hauling grain, coal, cattle, and collecting scrap iron that he sold in Albany. Meanwhile, he was working as an apprentice carpenter for Charlie Kilbourn. Soon that was taking too much time from the sideline he was enjoying and he began to be absent from his carpentering job. "Finally, Mr. Kilbourn said to me, 'I like your work and I want you to stay, but either you work full time for me or not at all.' I went home that night and talked it over with Eva and she urged me to do what I thought best. So I gave a week's notice and went to trucking in earnest." "Shortly after, I was offered the job of With that down payment but I have never been cheated or truck, Carroll buy a car who owns carrier Riverside Park? Well, with gasoline rationing and people unable to get to his amusement park in Agawam, he had to figure some way to save his business. So he bought all my car carriers and by putting sides on them and putting in seats for seventy people, he converted them into half-assed sight-seeing busses. He charged for the ride, admission to the park, for a hot dog or two, and for rides and made a good thing on those busses. After the war, he sold them for junk." over in Cummington. He gave me the money I needed with no note or anything. He said, *If your word's no good, then "Did you ever play golf, Henry?" was one of my questions that set him off on another good story. "Yes, just once. It was a time out at the Hinsdale Club when I was trying to sell something or other and was having a party. I stepped up the tee and hit a ball .it may be going yet, never saw it again! I had a fine set of clubs Marie Stone had given me but I never got around to using them and she finally said she knew someone who would use them if I wasn't going to, so I gave them back to you're no good.'" her. 'Course driving the mail stage, travelling to Pitts morning and to Northampton each afternoon. I carried the mail to Hinsdale and Williamsburg, delivered the mail along Star Routes and did personal errands in Pittsfield and Northampton." "Only once did I ever borrow money, and that was the time I went to Frank Sears field every . GMC . I kidded her about being an "I started selling trucks fifty -two long time I was my own years ago and for a Indian giver." best customer. Even now, being laid through town. Henry recalled when the first one was put in back in 1910 and he tells of teamsters with pairs of horses and scoops digging the ditch for the pipe; and he remembers again in the We average about three trucks a week and my customers come to me. I give 'em a good deal, save them a few pay my dollars, taxes. Often I and make enough I sell to a truck with a -28- talked about the new water line �years of World "This placed. War is II when it was the third time," a thousand loads as you've done and never re- loses says Henry, "and now we'll be lucky if we can get some money from Mr. Carter for a sewer line." "Do you Over the years, Henry H. Snyder, Inc. had a part in hauling every kind of commodity in these parts. "For more than twentyfive years, I sent three milk trucks to to New York City. drivers took a load of beans to city, pocketed the money, and abandoned the truck in the woods near Westfield. .never saw him again but I was lucky to get the truck back. Then another of my drivers, Rob Bartlett, salt of the the hauled for my next ques- Without hesitation, Henry said there are so it was many strangers. Every . my same things again. I've really earned enough to pay my bills and made a good living. We have my wife worked a wonderful daughter as hard as I did, - harder even, and I could never have made it without her. Eva and I went to Florida three times, but we were always glad to get home. Yes, it's been a good life here in Worthington." enjoyed life; I've . me from to stores all over western Massachusetts and one day when he lost a case of corn, he insisted on paying for it. Nothing doing, I said. If a man hauls over groceries Worthington better now tion. exactly the . earth, like years ago?" was fifty . contracted to haul beans from the York Cummington call that house in this neighborhood has changed hands in recent years and folks come and go. So many good people lived in this town .don't ask me to name them for I would surely leave out some that have done a lot of good here." "What would I do different if I had my life to live over? Well, I think I would do never had to show my license," he proudly reports. It was during World War II that Henry my I than Now I've in com, "Back when I was a selectman and assessor, I knew everyone and called them by their first name. I got around to all the homes in the spring and was welcome. milk from the hilltown farms. I must have driven over two million miles myself and of that a case of better then. Springfield without ever missing a day, besides having other trucks picking up Farm "One more pretty good." Springfield ••• -29- . . �' Surprise by David Lynes It all started July 21, 1977, my mother to wake me when I asked up at nine o'clock but she said, "Oh, no you don't. You're getting up took off, much to our surprise, but we We left in a hurry because horses are very scared of bears. We went didn't stay. back later on foot to see if we could find ' weed the corn patch. "Humph!" I said. Then I went to bed. Sure as you're a foot tall she woke me up nice and early to weed the com. Then we early to went up to the Medical Center to see if there was a doctor to look at my ear. There wasn't, so we went to my grandfather's to ride the horses. After we had saddled and bridled them we went for a ride. First we went through a field of baby Christmas trees, then through one with larger trees where there was a robin's nest in a tree in the corner of the patch which my mother and I had been watching to see if the eggs were hatched. We looked and sure enough they had. By that time the deer flies had found us and the horses, so we trotted down a cleared stretch to try to away from the bugs. Then we decided to go down to the blueberry patch. When we were almost there we saw one Mama bear and three babies!! The babies went up a tree and the mother get any tracks. big as We did and the track was as my hand. I'm sure glad allow hunting! my grandfather doesn't �Unforgettable Person by Grace She is a very old person L. now and her its that, were I my would be improper to rush through such a meal in such surroundings. We ate, chatted, and watched the chipmunks and It mind would be heart and to try to forget her, it and ferns. her often. Memories of her are so deeply engraved in proper place. There were candles on the table a centerpiece of wild flowers no longer living. Her younger friends are busy or too far away to closest friends are visit Wignot impossible. listened to the birds in the fringe of the Sometimes in the whirl of a busy life in a busy town, I feel that I must shut out all the confusion and be alone with my thoughts. I must make sure that I am not allowing some the most worthwhile things nearby woods. be a chore. suggest that the one would happily return to the steps leading to the spacious porch From room with a fire- would go through bedrooms and into the kitchen where our lunch was nearly ready to be served. Every dish was prepared with care and little added there touches to make I it attractive. I I I am sure then discovered the joy of I was received one. How work about one's daily tasks and recall memories of such joy and inspiration given to me by a special friend in the little town of Ashfield. was given the task of setting the table. With a bit of supervision for I the reading Sunday was a very special day to Aunt Mary. As much of the preparation of meals and of the household tasks that could be done was accomplished on Saturday. Sunday was set aside as a special day for rest and enjoyment. We would have a delicious breakfast in the morning before going to church. The afternoon was always devoted to correspondence. That letter contact with warmth and love expressed in her letters gave joy, I am sure, to each person who animals and birds made it a place to enjoy. I loved to explore paths, seldom trod, that were hardly visible. After a quick into the big living read aloud to her. reading but I was made to feel that giving her a great deal of pleasure. little place. I who gained most from was me, pine trees, maiden-hair fern, little flowers appearing among the fallen pine needles, and my memories were our evenings together. We would draw the shades, light the lamp, and settle down to a cozy evening by the fireplace. Aunt Mary would arrange a chair with a table near by for me. On it would be a copy of the Readers' Digest. Then she would get her sewing basket and settle down in her favorite chair. When she started sewing, she would were not living, and perhaps I appreciated more than the average child, the attention of adults. Surely no invitation could ever have seemed more important than an invitation to spend a week-end with Aunt Mary. When I arrived, preparations were being made for our luncheon together on the porch of the cozy little cottage in a woodsy spot adjacent to Sanderson Academy. It was a secluded spot of natural beauty. The I me What impressed me most and remains vivid in girl woods sharing of work as well as a very pleasant experience. enjoying experiences which are a delight to recall. My parents trip into the A pleasure with such a person seemed to pass me by. It is then especially that thoughts of Aunt Mary come to me. They are vivid pictures of the time when I and the in lamp-lighted kitchen later didn't seem to in life to was a very young "Doing dishes" placed each piece of silver in -31 - pleasant it is to �Settlement of Chester by William S. Mills Excerpted from Chester Folks: the Founders of the Town, their Ancestors and Descendants. Mr. Mills loved the country, particularly the farm he had acnamed Overdale. He would tramp for hours over his acres, and in doing so became interested in the people whose land bordered his and in their ancestors, a fact which can well be understood since he had written at least one book on "Genealogy" which the Chester library carries. He would spend days searching records and his face would glow as he told of discovering dates and names which had eluded others. One would see Mr. Mills in Chester at holiday times and in the summer months, for h§ was a schoolman from Brooklyn, New York. He and Mrs. Mills often visited one of the Stevens homes (William or Willis F.) when he would sit by the hour on the piazza overquired and Coming here looking pure nature. first in 1902, he spent much of his available time around Chester for twelve to fifteen years. It was during this time that he compiled the book on Chester Clara Stevens Rose Folks found in our library. The first settlements in the town were between the East and Middle Branches of the Westfield River. the West and Among those between the Middle Branches of the Westfield River was Lot No. 44, the par- which this history relates.* After the land had been surveyed, the Proprietors proceeded to make terms of settlement, and to assign settlers by the plan of drawing lots. They drew their own lots and at the drawing on October 1 1763, John Murray drew Lot 44, among others, ticular tract to in all nineteen lots in the town. in that act ing confiscate , owning named were John Chandler, Abijah Willard, and John Murray. The town of Murrayfield held a meeting in November of 1778 and voted to petition the General Court "to have the Tory lands in this town sold at private sale". This was done, and as a result of a law passed by the Great and General Court of April 1779, and Massachusetts 30, amended in that year and in 1781, declarsons all property of Tories, three men, namely, John Kirkland, David Smead, and Benjamin Bonney, were The appointed a committee to at auction Edward Taylor of Westfield, reported that Lot 44 was 160 rods long the John Murray confiscated Lot No. 44. and 100 rods wide, and contained 102 acres and 80 rods. chusetts Surveyor, The (east to west) war with the mother country increased, and during the progress of that war, it became known that three of the five proprietors of Murrayfield were Tories. On 16, was held at Norwich, MassaMarch 7, 1781, and it was sold to sale the highest bidder, the Rev. Aaron Bas- After the settlement, the prospect of October sell minister of Murray- com, the first settled field, for 25 pounds. The State gave him the deed August 31, 1781. Jessie Wright and Hugh Quigley each bought half of this lot from Rev. Bascom 1784 and in 1786 respectively. 1778, the General Court of Massachusetts passed an act forbidding "who had gone over to the enemy", and among the per- There in on record the laying out of a road leading from the north line of Lot 44, the return of those persons -32- is �six rods east of Hugh walls Quigley's house, still standing in part, were built or north about 50 rods to the road that passed house of Quigley's brother-in-law, begun the next was "two rods west Hamilton's barn". This was in 1788 of the walls being as old as our United John Hamilton. It of it I think States of America. This date of the beginning of the road makes year, 1789, the first year of the Presidency of our Republic. the *It was on this lot No. 44, that Mr. Mills "Overdale Farm" was situated. highly probable that the stone *1t • -33- # �-34- �HUNTINGTON MALONE'S PACKAGE STORE Wines Beer • PUMPING SERVICE Snacks • TANK SEPTIC Serving All Western Mass. LIQUORS & Residential Industrial Woronoco Blandford Rd. Tel. 1-667-3343 9 A.M. - 10:30 P.M. Pond Brook Rd. CUMMINGTON ALADDin-S SUPPLY Main Street • Huntington, Mass. Huntington Road Cummington Chester, Massachusetts 634-8868 BREAKFASTS LUNCHES and DESSERTS DUIIUIIiy IVIatcrialS LUIIIUci OPEN DAILY Route 112 TRIPLE "S" Cummington, Mass. 01026 FARM FEED STORE (413)634-8827 We Sell Farm Bureau Feeds Dog Food Seeds HAPPY VALLEY FARM Rte. 9 Cummington Hay — Cat Food • • Bird Seed Bedding Fertilizer 634-5389 Open Mon.-Sat. Gift Sliop — and Country Store 7 a.m. -7 p.m. FREE DELIVERIES 862-4500 Two small intimate shops with unusual gifts, gourmet cookware, kitchen Rte. 20 specialties. Russell Behind Gallant Russell Teas, Jams, Jellies -35- �THE CUT YOUR CHRISTMAS TREE HILL & L. MARKET Carl Libardi, Prop. Spruces, Firs, Pines No tagging MOSS A. GROCERIES MEATS VEGETABLES TREE FARM Chester, Massachusetts Russell, 862-3815 TOPPY'S INC. Auto Body Work RUSSELL INN Used Cars • 413-354-6551 Friendliest Bar In the Valley Toppy Welin, President Denny Welin, Manager Route 20 • Russell, Mass. Rte. 20, Chester, Mass. 01011 dISdEE dROTHERo BRADFORD P. FISK Building Materials Incorporated naru ware The Corners Grocery Lumber Paint Telephone: 413-238-5531 CHESTERFIELD, MASS. Worthington, Mass. 01098 Tel. 296-4755 Serving the Hilltowns since 1919 -36- �EDGEHILL FARM "Fresh Milk From Our Own Herd-Processed and Packaged on Our Open Own Farm" Visit Daily 10 A.M. - 5 P.M. Additions - Renovations Repairs - Drainage Backhoe Work Earthmoving Our Farm Store Nash Road Tree Work and Fence Building Cummington, Mass. Dave Lynes Cummington 634-5534 also available at Local Stores WIN DONOVAN MOLTENBREY'S Builder MARKET General Contractor Custom Built or Heritage serving the people of Huntington for 25 years Homes Restoration and Remodeling FRITZ MOLTENBREY, Prop. Worthington, Mass. 238-5341 WESTFIELD PHARMACY , INC. RIVER BREEZE SHOP Stanley F. Nowak, Reg. Pharm. Convalescent Supplies Candy - - Rte. 112 Cards • Huntington, Mass. Gifts Handcrafted Gifts Antiques Books & Herb Teas Tel. 562-4411 65 Franklin Street • Westfield, Mass. We Maintain a Complete Record of All Grace Wheeler, Prop. Your Family's Prescription Purchases -37- • Phone 1 -667-3438 �THE MINT Comp/iments of 562-0110 527-5943 PENNYSAVER PRINTERS Laurie Drive Southampton, Massachusetts 01073 • "Welcomed RflflX AND mi 32,000 Over ^—K^ THE 568-0477 TO US Quality Elise You Can Rely Into Homes" On 568-1483 Westfield, Mass. St. Printers AVERY TREE SURGEONS of STONE WALLS Since 1955 Removal • Trimming Also Junk Cars Job printiDg for every business need. • Planting Removed Free Estinnates 667-5598 Huntington Booklets The • Programs • Flyers latest in typesetting facilities to gl\e • Brochures • Tickets >our orders the profes<.ional Business Phone: 568-0331 loolt. Bcndi)^ Abrasives Division Chester and Westfield Tiie Facilities Bendix Corporation A major manufacturer serving the Automotive, Aerospace-Electronics, Industrial-Energy and Shelter Markets. -38- �Connpliments of CROSS PHARMACY James O'Grady, B.S., R.Ph. 1 West Main Street Joan and Floyd Huntington, Mass. 01050 Joan's Variety and Package Store Phone: 667-3055 Main Convalescent Aids Sales & Street, Chester Open 7 days Rentals Hudson Vitamins & Drug Prod. CLIFFORD GOSHEN GENERAL STORE PERO G. INSURANCE and AND Spirit HUNTINGTON HARDWARE STORE Rt. 9 Always The Best Price Quality Main And Goshen, Mass. 01032 Open 7 days Service 268-7268 Ashley Stoves Huntington Street Shop ROBERT F. LUCAS OLD & RARE BOOKS Main Street, P.O. Box 63 Blandford, Mass. 01008 Rte. 23 on fhe common Many subject areas in stock Specializing in early Americana Blandford, Mass. OPEN APPRAISALS ANTIQUES BOUGHT & SOLD ESTATE & TAG SALE SERVICES Thursday & Friday 1-9 Saturday 10-5 or by Appointment Tel. 848-2843 Buying & Selling 848-2061 -39- �About Our Contributors BARBARA BRAINERD BERTHA BRONSON, LOIS BROWN, native lives in Blandford and teaches at Westfield High School. a resident of Westfield, is ninety-eight years old. New Englander and long time resident of Worthington, is, among other things, a free-lance journalist. HELENA DURIS lives in Granville DORIS HAYDEN who MADELINE HUNTER ELLIE LAZARUS now and is curator of the Mabel Root Henry Museum. lives in Blandford, is a frequent contributor to is a teacher in the lives in STONE WALLS. Gateway Middle School. Hadley and has a position with the West Springfield School Department. DAVID LYNES, FRANK S. the younger, lives in NOONEY's VIRGINIA LADD OTIS WILLIAM ROSE ancestors lived in Chester. He writes for us and for the Daily once lived MICHAEL RUBIN Cummington. He in is in 7th grade. lives in Spokane, Washington. Hampshire Gazette. Chester. attended Gateway High School, now lives in Westfield. RICHARD WAITE grew up in Middlefield and still lives there. GRACE WIGNOT spent her childhood in Ashfield; -40- now lives year round on Cape Cod. �FRIENDS PATRON Marsh Mandana Marsh Mrs. Annemarie G. Schutz Frederick D. EDITORIAL BOARD Barbara Brainerd Lucy Conant Timothy Damon Connie Dorrington Bernard Drew Ida Joslyn As you may know, STONE WALLS are subscriptions, and welcome supportive is Lazarus Brook Lynes Louise Mason Brenda Paone Diana Schelle Waino Touminen, Jr. entirely self-supporting. Its only sources of income in lesser part, gifts from Ellie retail sales our readers: Friends and @ advertising. $10.00: Patrons We appreciatively @ $25.00. Please add 40 cents with a special request for any back issue to be mailed. �Westhompfon Memorial Library a properly built stone wall each rock sits squarely on the ones below it, and so long as gravity keeps pulling on every stone in it, that wall is going to stay put. ^7/1 — JOHN VIVIAN Building Stone Walls Garden Way Publishing Company Charlotte, Vermont with permission � Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Full issue of Stonewalls magazine Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-314 Title A name given to the resource Stonewalls magazine, Fall 1977 Subject The topic of the resource Other Description An account of the resource Full issue of Stonewalls magazine (Vol. 3, No. 3). 40 pp. with black and white photos and drawings. Ida Joslyn was on the Board. Includes article by Lois Ashe Brown on Henry Snyder. Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital copy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Internet archive www.archive.org Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977-09/1977-12 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Downloaded by Diane Brenner from Internet Archive Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-25 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Digital archive Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Electronic Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Massachusetts - Other Relation A related resource Paper copies of some Stonewalls magazines available at the WHS building Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. db created item - 2021-10-25 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/27e2279a63dd08a1821b093a245872c1.pdf 2800b56dad60c552a878fc5fec6b1845 PDF Text Text STONE WALLS �EDITORIAL The damage caused by the October earthquake in California makes us stop and look at our familiar hills and wonder. Storms are predictable, but not earthquakes! The realization that rock and earth can move suddenly on such a vast scale is difficult to comprehend. The few earthquakes that we have known in our area have been mild wobbles. Yet there are ancient fault lines in the region where the earth has moved in the past. Our rocky hillsides seem eternal to us but not to a geologist. Nature has its own timetable. It was only fifteen thousand years ago or so when this area was covered by a glacier which reshaped our hills and valleys, dropping off boulders and other debris along its path. Meanwhile our brooks and rivers are in the process of making their own changes in the landscape. It all makes human activities seem puny in comparison. Let us take another look at our beloved hills and valleys, beautiful in the snow and ice of a New England winter. Lucy Conant STONE WALLS Box 85 Huntington, Massachusetts 01050 Vol. 16 No. 4 STONE WALLS is published quarterly. Subscriptions are $9.00 a year, $2.50 for individual copies. Please add 80 cents with a special request for any back issue to be mailed. The retail price of individual copies may be modified only with the permission of the editorial Board. We welcome unsolicited manuscripts and illustrations from and about the hilltowns of the Berkshires. Theeditors of STONE WALLS assume no responsibility for non-commissioned manuscripts, photo- No such material will be returned unless submitted with self addressed envelope We also welcome letters from our readers. No portions of this publication may be reproduced in any the exception of brief excerpts for review purposes, without the express consent of the editors of STONE graphs, drawings, or other material. andsuffient postage. form, with WALLS. Due to the fact as it is that we are a financially possible. If at non-profit making publication, we will continue to publish our magazine as long any time we are unable to continue, we will be under no obligation to refund any subscription. © STONE WALLS 1989 �- 2 CONTENTS - Diary of Charles H. Gardner - 1861 Continued from Spring of "89" 4 To Know The Indians 6 Hildred Palmer Cortes: is Gone" Doris Wackerbarth 10 The 13 North Granby - Bedford or The Wedge 24 Index for 1985 - 1989 28 William C. Whitney and the Whitney Estate 32 The Deacon's Son and The Parson's Daughter 34 Blandford Settlers Built Three Forts 35 A 36 Norwich Once Separate Town Life of a Visit to in Hall Carol Laun "Memories of a Time That House Pam Worthington Joan Hastings William Ida Joslyn S. Hart and Connie Dorrington ]ohn Wright Crane Dr. Howard A. Gibbs Robert L. Soule Aunt Hannah Dr. Howard A. Gibbs Robert T. Soule -1- �Diary of Charles H. Gardner PART III Continued from Spring Issue "89" Submitted hy Pamela G. Donovan Hall of Huntington and Ann and Richard Gardner ofN.C. Charles H. Gardner was Richard's great uncle. Charles H. Gardner was the son of William and Electra (Miller) Gardner. He was bom in 1840 in the Knightville section of Norwich (now Huntington). This diary begins when he was living in the Village of Norwich. Cloudy and rainy all day was much Fri. 1 1 middle of the day but was cool AM night v^th a cold disappointed this in not getting a furlough to go home but the Col. was not available and being a soldier I must submit to orders letters Sat. 2 It is been out on drill for the first time in 2 weeks had a letter from Rachel Miller to day and was disappointed at not hearing from Sun 3 Sun. Oct. 13th to Fri. Rained hard all day the forenoon it was the hardest storm we have had BLANK Oct. 18, 1861 all Rained very hard Sat. 19 in the ery and cold in the came the tent today. 21 It is off last Mon.4 Tues. 5 cold tonight. fellow got camp life they 6 Very pleasant and warm drilled and done stable duty. There is a mass brewing here that is certain but cannot tell when it will come off but am ready to do my part Still continues pleasant and warm but went to the stable in the irons Thurs. 7 The weather • and month empty we continues warm were confined in our still quarters until 10 AM when we went out and got a blowing up and our office were tumed out of office. NOVEMBER Pleasant and continues evening Very pleasant but cool wind has been blowing all day Father and Fordyce left here this AM and were had a high time here in the PM Co. revolted and several were put in but did not get hurt much expect to Fri. 1 before AM and got kicked as well as my horse Rest of up brought me a lot of things that Very pleasant worked down to the bams all day had a chance to ride go but cleared quite pleased with Wed. Tues. 21 fall and was quite pleasant Father and Fordyce came into camp Very pleasant we was detailed for bam duty 2 days had some work and a good deal from the horses the night guard duty early this AM laid out last rute and caught more cold it is quite cool this evening Rained hard in the forenoon cold and showery in the PM came off guard about 12 oclock and laid in Sun. 20 Mon. AM show- PM I was have written 8 and received no answer. a cool windy day and I have better then Cloudy and rainy in the AM cool in the PM pleasant in the everung went on picket duty got cold was sick took a Corporal prisoner and had a good time. Sat. 1 2 at wind am much warm in the Fri. -2- 8 Pleasant and warm in the �PM on guard in the evening staid First down to the bam all night and slept 2nd got up early this AM 3rd 4th MEMORANDA Fri. Oct 5th 6th 18, 1861 Very stormy called at E.S. Searles and saw Gertrude and she promised to send me her picture and as promised to write to me as she received my letter Wrote to Gertrude last Sunday and Nov. 2 have not heard from her yet expect she has not received mine Tues. Apr. 2 Saw Miss Wheeler she left forConn. today promised to write to me to send some papers to her May 1 0 Received a letter from Annie today in which she promised to correspond with me In camp at Readville and sick at that wish I was at home but cannot go like camp life better than perpetuated we have a fine bimch of boys here 12 of whom are in the tent with me Thurs,Oct. 11, 1861 Had a letter from Jule today in which she said she was sorry that she gave me the (Matter)(?) Commenced work for H. Williams April 1st 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th week worked 6 days " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " Remember me through many miles We distance be Julia Charlie Hasten home Charles H. Gardner served with the 1st Mass. Cav. Co. F from Sept. 25, 1861 to July 18, 1862 which time he was given a medical discharge because he had contracted consumption. He died four weeks later at the family homestead in Knightville and was buried in the Knightville Cemetery. He was 21 years at old. �To Know The Indians by Carol Laun Some of early writers regarded the Indians factor. New England with admiration for certain Writings from the late 1600's and early 1700's were gathered by Rev. Henry White and published in an 1841 book called "Early History of New England." It is and factual reports of Indians written in that time period. Most rare to find objective were colored by the and moral values of the articles social prejudices v^iters. Hospitality is mentioned by several writ- rest to his weary kees." "As Governor Joseph Dudley, naked, come and look on, as a pastime, to see his men work, he asked him why he did not work, and get some clothes to cover himself. The Indian answered by asking him, why he did not work. The Governor, pointing with his finger to his head, said, "I work head work, and so have no need to work with my limbs; hands as you should." "The Governor told him he wanted a calf killed, and that if he would go and do it, he would give him a shilling. He accepted the offer, and went immediately and killed the calf, and then went sauntering about as before. The governor, on observing what he had done, asked him why he did not dress the calf before he left it. The Indian answered, "No, no Governor, that was not in the bargain. I was to have a shilling for killing him. Am he no dead. Governor?" The Governor, seeing himself outwitted, told him to dress it, and he would give him another shilling." "Among the savages, hospitality prevailed to The Europeans everywhere found the most friendly and cordial recep- a high degree. ages; and from all they first came among the sav- their hospitality they derived the assistance the savages could afford them. It was not until disputes and differences had taken place, that the Indians be- came of Massa- chusetts, observed an able-bodied Indian, half food was shared with him, or given in exchange for his trifles; they were ready with their simple medicines to heal his diseases and his wounds; they would wade through rivers and climb rocks and mountains to guide him on his way, and they would remember and requite a kindness more than it deserved." Williams in his History of Vermont, says, when are considered indicate that they their tion, all The shrewdness of the Indians seems to were the original "Yan- "Belknap, speaking of the reception the Europeans who first visited Canada received from the natives, says, "Suspecting no danger, and influenced by no fear, they embraced the stranger with imaffected joy. Their huts were open to receive him, their fires and furs warmth and it, want." ers. to give of the earth, with by them as a liberal and impartial donation to the whole family of mankind, and by no means intended to supply only the wants of a few. Hence an Indian is ever free to give of all that he possesses, and v^l often share with strangers even to the last morsel, preferring to lie down hungry himself, than that a visitor should leave his door unfed, or that the sick and needy should remain uncherished and in traits of character. contemporary The productions the animals which inhabit Even now, an unarmed, who repairs to them for relief and protection, is sure to find safety and unfriendly. defenseless stranger, "This Indian, having several times outwitted the Governor, was asked by the Governor how he had cheated and deceived him so many times. The Indian answered, pointing with his finger to his head, "Head work. assistance in their hospitality." "Hospitality," says another writer, "is one most prominent Indian characteristics, and has its source in an enlarged view of the goodness and justice of our heavenly Beneof the Governor, head work!" -4- �"A sachem being on a visit at the house of Johnson, told him one morning of a dream which he had had the preceding night. This was that Sir William had given him a rich suit of military clothes. Sir William, knov^dng that it was the Indian custom to give Sir William whatever present he claimed in this manner, gave him the clothes. Some time after, the sachem was at his house again. Sir William observed to him that he also had had a dream. The sachem asked him what. He answered, he dreamed that the sachem had given him a tract of land. The sachem replied, "You have the land, but we no dream again." "A white trader sold a quantity of powder to an Indian, and imposed upon him by making him believe it was a grain which grew like wheat, by sowing it upon the ground. He was greatly elated by the prospect, not only of raising his own powder, but of being able to supply others, and thereby becoming immensely rich. Having prepared his ground with great care, he sowed his powder with the utmost exactness in the spring. Month after month passed away, but his powder did not even sprout, and wdnter came before he wcis satisfied that he had been deceived. He said to a friend nothing; but some time after, when the trader had forgotten the trick, the same Indian suc- ceeded in getting credit for a large amount. The time set for payment having expired, he sought out the Indian at his residence and demanded payment for his goods. The Indian heard his demand with great complaisance; then looking him shrewdly in the eye, said, "Me pay you when my powder grow." This was enough. The guilty white man quickly retraced his steps." "I am glad," said the Rev. Dr. , to the chief of the Little Ottowas, "that you do not drink whiskey. But it grieves me to find that Y— your people use so much of it." "Ah, yes," replied the Indian and he fixed an arch and impressive eye upon the doctor, which communicated the reproof before he uttered it "we Indians use a great deal of whiskey, but — we do not make it." Other anecdotes illustrate the Indian traits of fidelity, gratitude, sympathy, maternal affection, ness filial shown love, and veneration and kind- the aged. Perhaps one of the most striking examples between the "savage" Indians and the "civilized" Europeans is in the matter of honesty. "Trained up to the most refined cunning of the difference and dissimulation in war, the Indian carries nothing of this into the affairs of commerce, but is fair, open, and honest in his trade. He was accustomed to no falsehood or deception in the management of his barter, and he was astoiushed at the deceit, knavery and fraud of the European traders. He had no bolts or locks to guard against stealing, nor did he ever conceive that his property was in any danger of being stolen by any of his tribe. All of the infamous and unmanly vices which arise from avarice, were almost unknown to the savage state." These early writers paint a picture of a people with a well-developed social and moral structure; living harmoniously with their environment. The systematic destruction of the tribes is a chapter of shame in the history of America. �Hildred Palmer Cortis: "Memories of a Time That is Gone" by Doris H. Wackerbarth Hildred Palmer was bom on MounRoad, Russell Mountain, in 1900; she has seen the active community of which she was once a part swallowed up by forests, and the town of Woronoco spring up almost fullgrown over night, and begin to dwindle away. She grew up in the days when people didn't walk for their health: they walked because that was the way a person got any place, and no one stayed home because a distance was tain three or four miles snowing. When —or was raining she went to work and it for Strathmore Paper Company in her late teens, her family was living on Russell Mountain, four miles up Blandford Road Route 23 and she walked to work to be there by eight in the morning; after work, at five o'clock, she walked back home again. (It wasn't a solitary walk, there were others to walk with part of the way.) — Hildred's family were pioneers who came into the Woronoco-Russell area when it was a farming area, when so many salmon came up the river to spawn in the spring they could be harvested in baskets. Her forefathers were here when county records Woronoco as Fairfield Station. listed (The Fair- who built the first papermill were from became a world-famous manufacturer of high quality paper and acquired all the property contingent to its spreading mills, Hildred's immediate family was well-established in the community along the General Knox Trail, (then called Mountain Road.) There were farm families every half mile or so along Mountain Road, and along South Quarter Road which angled off to the west and Blandford, and Robbins Road to the east, along the summit of Russell Mountain (it circled back to Blandford Road, just above Laurel Road.) The Appalachian Mountain Clubhouse looks out over the Connecticut Valley from where a stalwart Robbins family once earned their living. There were no woods along Blandford Road or the other roads on Russell Mountain then. Everywhere within sight was fenced mowings, meadows and pasture, with wood lots beyond the last stonewalls at the back of a property. For those like the Robbins who looked out over the valley, the view must have been worth being whipped by the winds in winter. Hildred was that became bom in the pleasant cottage Sanbom summer home; she in a little one room school the started school was the substantial house halfway between Woronoco and house about a half mile from her home, on a triangle of land where South Quarter Road took off from Mountain Road. (The schoolhouse disappeared without a trace, but its Russell, known as the Savage Place (the name lilac trees fields Russell Mountain, originaUy, too.) Her great- grandfather's farmhouse of the family who last lived there, not a de- on the "wrong" side of the river, across from route 20. It was a landmark for generations, standing isolated and alone, staring across the valley, a destination on a pleasant Sunday afternoon for hikers who were not put off by the necessity of watching scription): the time Strathmore Paper nating one, this is an account of Hildred and changes she remembers of her lifetime she and her younger sister, Ruth Richards, are the only persons left of that once busy area. When Hildred was nine years old, her story: — family and the Shurtleffs on Shurtleff Road carefully for rattlesnakes. By The story of community is a fasciworthy of more than one later flourished for years.) the Russell Mountain Company sold their farms skirting Hazzard Pond to �Horace A. Moses, developer and president of Strathmore Paper Company, for Moses Heights and Woronoke Farm, his summer estate. The pond had a bountiful supply of bass and pickerel, and gravestones in the little cemetery at the west end of the pond give evidence to how it got its name: more than one family lost members who were caught on the pond in winds that evidently came up suddenly and were unique to the area, perhaps due to the narrow passes at both ends end of the pond. With the sale of his farm, her father bought acreage across from where Moimtain Road leaves Blandford Road, and built a two-story, two family house for his fannily and his parents, rather out of keeping with the neighborhood.) Being taught was a problem for students attending coim try schools. Not as many teachers married farmers and stayed in the area, to be pressed into service when needed, as has been believed. According to Hildred, teachers didn't stay long enough to get acquainted v^th the local swains. Some towns allowed girls fresh out of high school to teach in their home towns where family peer pressure helped v^th discipline, and the girls had the support of her family and the comforts of home while gaining experience. But Russell, probably due in no small part to Mr. Moses's progressive turn of mind, required two years of Normal School training. Teachers came and went with distressing regularity. They didn't like the isolation, their boarding houses were not as comfortable as their own homes, and there was all that walking no trolleys in this mountain community. When the weather was at its worst, if the teacher was boarding with someone not much interested in education anyway, she didn't make it to school, though the students who lived closest to the school always did. The Russell Mountain and became the R(ural) F(ree) D(elivery) mailman. (I remember him in winter wearing a really swashbucking, full-length fur coat that reminded me of a Russian Cassock. I knew that the collar was red fox, and she tells — me that the coat was of red squirrel—^but she know whether he was the marksman himself, or how he acquired it. He also had a doesn't robe I remember him throwing over his laphe drove an open touring car at the time I remember him. I had been told the robe was buffalo. because If it it wasn't, it surely was school didn't require the teacher to shovel snow of bear, was very shaggy.) After the Palmers moved to their new house, Hildred went to school in a one-room school almost across the street from her fifty times; the new new had four different burning as neighbor^but teachers. Hildred vividly remembers her first encounter with an automobile. She had heard of horseless carriages neighbors who went to the city more often than she did had seen them and told her family about them. One summer day when she was about seven, she and her brother were walking along Blandford Road when they heard the most frightening sound she ever had heard. As they stared at each other in terror they realized that it was approaching them from over the hiU behind them. As soon as they got their breath and gathered their wits, they scrambled up the banking beside them, scrambled over and ran until they felt safely out of reach of the monster that went coughing and bucking down the highway, right where they had been standing. I asked her if the passengers — club attracted patrons who each other and willing to to did not continue for long. Later, Bill Hatton, Woronoco's long-time storekeeper, installed a package store there brawl, so that fires —Hildred's brother was paid cents a week to tend to those chores— even with such coddling, in one year Hildred home. She describes it as, "stuck in a sandbank, in such a small area it was hard to believe a school could be built there." Perhaps the area was chosen because that land had no value with the sand gone for use on the road past its door. When that school burned down, an attractive one-room cottage was built on a knoll farther east, down the road. (It was discontinued in 1929, and after Prohibition was repealed in 1933, became a country night club of sorts. The Russell Mountain area did not have a supply of musicians, so country dances were not part of their past were strangers or keep the ing Gran viUe did it -7- �smiled at them and waved. She laughed, remembering how those passengers looked. She said that there were four of them, two afternoon that he was going to drive into Westfield for something he needed right then, and she exclaimed, shocked: "Leave for Westfield at three o'clock in the afternoon?" men and two women. They were not smiling. They never saw her and her brother they were all looking grimly straight ahead, as if they were as afraid of where the car was going as she and her brother was of its very being. She tells a fascinating tale of how hearty country folk were then, and of how much they walked: The young people in the community were having a sleigh ride one evening and one of the boys was late arriving. That day he had moved a family from down in the gorge below the Knox Trail to Blandford, the — When Coming home for a to work in Florence. weekend was a four hour adventure by trolley. She worked until noon on Saturday and — began her trip home ^an occasion, not an every week occurrence by trolley from Florence to Northampton. Her jaunt required two more changes, with lots of waiting around, or rain, or Woronoco. (The trolley continued on to Huntington and ran until ten o'clock at night. But not often.) Her father met her with his horse in Woronoco. The house Hildred's father built for his family in 1909 had an iron sink in the kitchen, of which they were very proud. It had a for the ride to pump— indoors — the innovation in housekeeping no more going to the well and breaking ice in winter. She was married in 1919 to Robert Cortis and moved into his parent's house, and acquired her first Singer sewing machine. Seven years later her hus- — Huntington and there were no telephones. Doctors tried to keep track of their pregnant patients, often walking miles in bad weather the woman wind and snow. The second leg of her trip was from Northampton to Westfield, and then a change at Park Square in Westfield in it, — often in unpleasant weather: blistering sun, woman walking all the way beside the sleigh because there was not room for her on the sleigh along with her household goods. When they reached her new address, she sent him back for a box of buttons she had put down and left behind. When he returned with the buttons he was flabbergasted to discover that she had delivered a new baby, Hildred explained that except for broken bones, and appendicitis and such emergencies, families took care of their ov^m medical problems. The closest doctor when she was growing up lived to attend a delivery. Hildred finished school she went band When they didn't make installed an latest pump electric in the cellar so that she had faucets and an enameled sink Not much later, they had a kerosene heater installed for heating water when the wood stove, the center of comfort or her family or neighbors in the kitchen. managed on their own. Hildred was in her teens before she rode in a car. Sunday school was held in the school, and one day Mr. Moses dropped in to visit was not needed in the warmer months. Hildred and her husband lived for fifty years in the house where they went to live as bride and groom. There they raised five sons and two daughters, all worthy citizens. Three of their sons are veterans of World War II. Unfortunately, Robert Cortis died two weeks after their Fiftieth Wedding Celebration. She for generations, and drove all the children home. A year or two later her father bought a car and began to deliver the mail by car in good weather. He went to Woronoco for the mail, which came in on the Boston and Albany train, and didn't get back from his route, along all the mountain roads and into Blandford until evening. In winter, he often had to revert to his horse and buggy to complete his appointed rounds, and one winter when his horse couldn't get through the drifts to some mail boxes she and her brother did the honors. She remembers now lives in a pleasant, spacious and comhome of her son, fortable apartment in the Wallace, on Maple Street in Westfield. Now, instead of walking miles she makes beautiful by hand, piecing them of all new cloth. She has made quilts for all of her four daughters-in-law and last year for Christmas gave quilts with a delighted chuckle how in the twenties, husband got his first car, he said one after her -8- �each of her twenty-one grandchildren a pieced quilt, of a city, she has all the modem conveniences she can use and is within earshot of every kind of transportation. some of them queen-sized. She hopes to make one for each of her forty-three greatgrandchildren, too. Now, so close to the heart -9- �The Life of a House in Worthington by Joan Hastings Every old house has a story or more to tell. The Victorian Italianate house next to Albert Farms in Worthington "the Pease Place" is no exception. The land it was built on already had the and the manufacture of pianos with an uncle in New York City. He became a successful piano manufecturer in the Bronx, New York and returned to his native Worthington in the simraiers when he was about 40 years old, with small children. The town had become a fashionable summer community for people from New York City and Springfield. He — when, in 1881, Chauncey D. Pease first bought the 140 acre "John Adams Farm" from Joseph Preston for $2700. (This included what is now Ida Joslyn's house and most of Ben Albert's potato fields in the area.) Chauncey then bought a farmhouse, as part of the 130 acre Lewis Hollis farm for $1000 in 1887. That history of five farming families to tell probably stayed at the elegant Bartlett's Hotel at the Comers before buying property. Through the 1880's he lived with his wife Mary and teenage children, Nellie and Harry, in the Gothic house (now Ida Joslyn's). The people living at the Thrasher farm (now Denworth) ran a dairy business for him. Chaunce/s descendents, the FitzGeralds, are still in touch with the farmer's descendents. You can imagine these Pease children's pleasure playing in Watt's stream, riding horses at the farm down the road, and picking apples in the orchard across the street before returning by bus or train to school near their purchase included the 1854 schoolhouse still standing on the property. Chaimce/s property eventually also included the Thrasher property, now known as Denworth Farm. One wonders what life was like for the Peases about 100 years ago when f<unily prosperity was rising with the times. Chauncey was bom in Worthington in 1836 of a farming family. He left to study music -10- �Worthington year round. During the 60's, after Harry and Cora were dead, the sisters spent winters with children or friends,and continued to play pinochle and canasta on the piazza, frequently and drank iced drinks with friends. The ladies on the large piazza wore long dresses and enjoyed games of horses, played croquet, canasta. Their children also returned as adults. Laura married Holt Secor and brought her child to live with her parents in the summer. Helen married Ralph Bretzner and travelled the world, returning to Worthington after she htmg with Japanese lanterns, each summer. They looked forward to occasional visits from the FitzGerald boys and their families. By the 1970's Massachusetts prosperity began reaching westward again and young families built and restored houses in Worthington where land values were still affordable and good cars enabled them to commute to jobs in the valley. Helen lived alone by then, in charge of the family heirlooms. The vandals came in winter when she Son Chauncey lived near New York and came occasionally. Mary Pease married Archer FitzGerald. They travelled from the City to spend summers with their three children on the family farm down the road. Dairy farming was flourishing in the 1920's, and the family prospered, shipping dairy products to the city and managing a thriving piano business. Chaunce/s grandchildren grew up in the 1930's balancing on top of the stone walls, pitching horseshoes, playing tennis, golf, and bridge with summer folk and year-rounders alike. They hosted and attended numerous was divorced in the 1930's. wasn't around to stop them, carrying off valued pieces of furniture, pictures, and silver. After Helen died in 1979, the house The house gained a repuhaunted and attracted local teenagers to hold Halloween style parties in it. They never trashed it though as it apparfamily possessions. parties with a variety of people of many ages tation for being grew up and left the area. The depression, combined with the grow- before they ing popularity of the radio, created hard times ently piano manufacturing business. The Peases continued to come to Worthington, though the lack of disposable cash meant that no major repairs were done to for those in the the house from the 1930's on. two energetic people, Scott Heyl and Marie Burkart, interested in architectural restoration, "discovered" the house and bought it to save it. They both worked as city planners down in the valley and spent nights and weekends, often with the help of friends, working on the house and enjoying the view The summer the great pleasure of life to commanded considerable local respect. In 1984, community evaporated as the Lee-Lenox area became more popular with wealthy New Yorkers and the area reverted to the rhythms of rural was vacant while the estate was settled and thieves collaborated with nature to slowly diminish from the piazza over the potato fields to the hills beyond. They had the cellar pumped many down longtime residents. out, replaced the rotted house was the summer residence of Harry and Cora and their daughters, Laura, Mary and Helen. The trees began to grow up around them, ruining the tennis were undermining the foundations. Over three years they modernized its basic systems, heat, electricity and plumbing and painted it three shades of tan, In the 1940's, the court and covering the fields. trees They sold 40 acres for $1200 to Alberti Albert for his town. (Surveyed in 1987, it turned out to be 85 ics caused the New when family econom- York brownstone to cut the with a more peaceful quality to life. They loved the possibilities of this "white elephant^' as they wanted to grow food and flowers, acres!) 1950's, sills, roots appropriate to its era. In late 1986 they sold it to Wil and Joan Hastings who wanted to move from the Boston area, leave professional careers, and live new potato farm, the only growing industry in By the early whose be was necessary to install a hot-air heater so the family group of five could all live in work sold, i t free-lance, and a small community. -21- participate in the They also life wanted of to �share in the joys of upkeep for this historic house. household this year. Granddaughter Emily and her parents visit when possible. The cycle of decay and renewal continues in Worthington as elsewhere. One daughter, Claire, lived in the house with other students while attending Westfield State and gradually replastered and painted aU the rooms in the house. A greenhouse was SOURCES: have space available for a network of family friends to live with or visit them and tive and added to the kitchen. The group made their own maple syrup and ate the simimer's harvest. Claire became a member Hampshire County Registry of Deeds History of Worthington, 1983 Pease family Bible, courtesy of Archer FitzGerald Ida Joslyn's and Archer FitzGerald's memo- of the Worthington Planning Board. Now that the house is fully insulated and zone heated, it enters its next stage as a yearround home. Joanna Brown, a friend, has become a ries Clement Burr's diary Scott Heyl's interviews with local people resident in the Hastings collabora- l^ews Different Jke For SaLe tlials now in vkw stands wl)ere w/'/dpowers arew. Tie s^i^n iLw is wliere p'rst See lite I can ynarkd ScliooL Bu5 Sfop robm jlocked- tires, jxij)er5 and cans, recall clear, level land. Ihose /louses , coridos,allmarcw are w/iere cows grazed lon^a^o. Just ^^as, wliere tLt maiUox Mefarmers stands pasture land* The (^uiei />rook mytj hfteY'limd \jijas crijslal clear all tlie time. (^one are the cornstalks ar)dtre^% so tall replaced l>ij cm mar a Hasten wfiat's napj)ene<l 1 lis Pnoc.«H5S / rnalL C^eireal -22- I to asll, C^et oul cjfl\ej^asil �North Granby-Bedford or The Wedge by William S. Hart PREFACE The towns that lie around us, wherever we happen to live, have been called by the same names for several generations; however, many of them have changed from those given by the first settlers. Hartford was first called Newtown in 1635, Windsor was Dorchester, Wethersfield was Watertown, Avon was Northington or Nod, Bristol was started as Poland and later became New Cambridge. Winsted, Connecticut is an interesting example as it is the combination When the Industrial Revolution arrived, the people left the surutilize the water power of the Mad River to run their factories. As of the spellings of two towns. rounding hill farms to grew in population to form Winsted. it For of us it took the "win" from Winchester and the "sted" from Barkhamsted my purposes here, I am concentrating on North Granby, Connecticut which many know was previously called Salmon Brook Society and was a part of ancient Simsbury. I was looking through some old papers and found a 1929 letter written by George Seymour Godard who was the Connecticut he sold additional acres beyond the scope of deed which added present day Granville and Tolland, Massachusetts to the original his from 1900 to 1936. He said the portion of North Granby that pushes up against the Massachusetts state line and has State Librarian East Hartland to the the East listed was West and Southwick called Bedford (Fig. an index it. to others Indian necessary to take a brief look at New England. The English Crown, as early as 1620,^ recognized this distant place as a part of her empire and incor- and who care about our land heritage. known story of Bedford really territory with a deed from an fortieth and forty-eight delphia and Quebec, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. Eight years later in 1 628 this Council, by deed, hands of a sharp land speculator named Atherton Mather from SuJffield, Connecticut. Shortly after his acquiring it the area was curtailed by approximately fifty percent but, undaunted. fell between the degrees of North latitude from "sea to sea." This then was the land lying between Phila- named Toto who sold six miles square of land. This small piece it is porated a Council to manage its affairs. The Council set up a Patent, an instrument or grant of public lands, which included all the This put which I hope will be of interest in 1686 Bedford and also the adja- the colonization of This httle began back clarify this cent "jog" to He also a fascinating search of old deeds local histories To to the Connecticut Archives^ at the state library that related to me on 1). tract. into the made a grant of land for a settlement at MasThe several grantees involved obtain a Charter under which sachusetts Bay.^ were able -13- to �-14- �and Enfield in Massachusetts Bay Colony territory.^ The Colony of Connecticut was upset with the survey but, even though she made protests, did not strongly pursue them. Time went by and in 1662 she was granted a liberal Charter by King Charles n.* This established the East boundary as Narraganset Bay, North by the Massachusetts Bay Colony line. South by Long Island Sound and West by the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 2). Confusion still continued and in 1686 further complications came when King James II Governor John Winthrop sailed and began the Massachusetts Bay Colony by Boston in field 1630. same year Robert, Earl of Warwick, was President of the Council and it conveyed a grant to him. This was approved by a Royal Patent of land in New England and has since been referred to as the "Warwick Patent."* It was then believed the scope of land included all of todays Connecticut and extended to the Massachusetts Bay Colony line which they In the considered as being near Worcester.^ As can be imagined, problems were to develop as the Colony of Connecticut and the Province of Massachusetts Bay Colony apparently overlapped each other (Fig. 2). Even sent Sir Edmund Andros, Captain General of New England, to pick up both the Massachuand Connecticut charters and set up governments by the direct representatives of the English Crown. In the Colony of Con- setts Governor Winthrop felt Windsor was in the bounds of Massachusetts. This was honest disagreement; however, as shown by William Pynchon, of the Bay Colony, who had started a trading post at which he later moved Agawam necticut this led to her Charter supposedly being hidden in an Oak tree by Captain Wad- in 1636 sworth.' At this same time in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Sir Edmund Andros appointed James Cornish of Woronoco (Westfield) to be Clerk of the existing Court of Hampshire County.^" This James Cornish learned an Indian named Toto, a sachem or chief from the Poquonock tribe near Hartford, claimed the land West of Woronoco. James Cornish made a purchase from Toto on 6/28/1686, said to be for a "gun and sixteen buttons" for to the East side of the Connecticut River and called it Springfield. He thought it was part of Connecticut and even represented Springfield as a "Magistrate" to the Connecticut General Court in 1637. Shortly after, trade differences arose between Springfield and the lower Connecticut River settlements and she decided to become part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and was entered as such when the New England Confederation was organized in six miles square of land. The description in the deed says the six miles square is "bounded by the land granted by the said Toto unto William Leet Esqr. Southerly, and by the land granted by him 1643.* The Province of Massachusetts was unhappy with themany claims of property being made by the Connecticut settlers so hired two surveyors. Woodward and Saffery, who ran a boundary line in 1642 (Fig. 3). The Massachu- also unto John Williams of Windsor, Northerly and runs Westerly towards Housatunnk bounded by the mountains and Easterly by Charter of 1629 said the South border should run West from a point three miles South of the southernmost part of the Charles River. This point was established, and apparently to save the trouble of surveying cross setts the land belonging to Westfield or Spring- by the highway or road running from end of the Ponds unto Two Myle Brooke near Westfield on a straight line."" The foregoing description interprets into field the lower country, step by step. Woodward and Saffery went around Cape Cod, through Long Island Sound and up the Connecticut River to where they calculated to be the correct latitude. Time the "Housatunnik" being a tract of land just south. This incorrect location, just North of West of Westfield, Massachusetts, 'Two Myle Brooke" now called Great Brook near Southwick Center and the "Ponds" as Congamond Ponds. "Bounded by the mountains" in con- Windsor center by strued as the range running from East Hart- proved this point to be eight miles too Bissell's Ferry, far put Suf- -15- �-16- �land center down to Collinsville, ConnectiThis range was called "Poppotonuck Mountain" on a Map done by Blodget in 1791 This is quite ironic for in 1724 Suffield and Enfield petitioned Connecticut to be brought cut. The Connecticut General Assembly refused by saying the 1713 compromise should not be broken. This request came up again in 1749 and this time Connecticut changed her mind saying the 1713 decision had not been accepted by the English Crown and admitted Suffield and Enfield as well as Woodstock into the Colony into her jurisdiction. (Fig. 4). Figure 5 shows an approximation of where square should be. The Northern limit is tied down by the description in the 1 685 deed from Toto to John Williams which states "unto him the said John Williams one parcel of land being one full mile square and lyeth in a place this commonly known by the name of Two Myle of Connecticut. Brooks and abutteth on said brook marsh and on the commons on the East and to run the breadth half a mile each side the brook and from the Northeast comer to run a full mile towards the West on a due West line and from the Southeast comer to run due West a full English mile, makes the aforesaid tract a mile should be noted here that Simsbury and Windsor were also having serious taxation problems because of their questionable boundaries so they had a survey completed in 1711 by Goodrich Kimberly'^ which estab- square".'^ gave Atherton now put most of his "six miles square" in Connecticut and might restrict his holdings. He petitioned the Conmussion for the two colonies'' and they honored his claim to the land in the original Toto deed with the proviso he couldn't have title to any land which A search of many It lished the North line of Simsbury (Fig. records does not turn up the William Leet deed to pinpoint the Southem border; however, using six miles from the John Williams property gives an approximation of it. James Comish was also concerned where his property was located so to be safe he filed his deed in Connecticut in 1686 and then in Massachusetts in 1689. After James Comish died his heirs sold the land to a speculator, Atherton Mather, of within the boimds of Westfield or Suffield in Massachusetts, or in Windsor or Simsbury fell in Connecticut (Fig. 7). This mention of Windsor refers to the fact that Hartland, on 6/26/1713.'* As it tumed out just three weeks later a Commission, set up by and Enfield back in the Colony of The Commission recognized but indicated that since the towns had Suffield Connecticut. 105,793 acres of land as an "equivalent." This land bordered the East side of Hadley, Massa- Three years later Connecticut sold it Gurdon tumed over and several The money was Saltonstall others for 683 pounds.'* first called Hart- at that time Atherton Mather now went ahead and started selling acreage on a large scale to investors as far away as Boston who had never seen the area.^° A glance at Figure 8 will show how he completely ignored the "six miles square" wording and went some 15 miles from the Westfield West border to the Farmington River at Sandisfield and Northerly to where Blandford, Massachusetts is been started by the Province of Massachusetts Bay Colony and paid taxes there they should remain that way. They further said since the Colony of Connecticut has lost this territory they would have Massachusetts give at auction to was chants the Commission meant was Atherton Mather could not have the land to the West that was part of present day East Hartland. These curtailments reduced his "six miles square" or approximately 23,0(X) acres down to approximately 5,0(X) acres. both colonies to solve the border line disputes, agreed to a new survey line which corrected the old 1642 eight mile error.'^ Figure 6 shows the new colony line puts chusetts. which was owned by merfrom Hartford and Windsor." What fordland, Suffield this 7). new 1713 Colony line Mather much concern as it This along with the today.^' Incidentally, to Yale College. Lockwood, in his History of Westfield, claims Westfield -17- owned Bland- �CONK •TOTO DEED SIX MILES SQUARE* WILLIAM LEET I6S$ LOST DEED FIG. 5 EQUIVALENT LANDS • HOLlfOKE HAOLET N • • SPPINSFIELO ' MASS. CONN. IOS.79J ACRES 1713 SURVEY LINE FIG. MASS._ 1713 SURVEY CONN A/0 -18- FIG.7 �ford in 1732 and later sold it and partly within the Colony of Connecticut. Near to some part of Westfield Township and bordering upon some part of Simsbury To wn- to Christopher boundary disputes Westfield gave land to Suffield and the General Court appeased Westfield by granting her "6 miles square." This was called the Suffield Equivalent, later Glasgow and Lawton now of Suffield.^^ In settling ship."2* The several deeds following "in a place Blandford. A.M. Copeland's, Town of Blandford, and Summer Wood's, Ulster Scots and Blandford Scouts, differ with Lockwood by saying the General Court granted the land to Suffield on April 5, 1735 because Suffield had to give up some disputed land to Windsor and Simsbury In any event Christopher Lawton ended up with it. Getting back "lying in I freely told you thoughts, about your conduct, and the rules of charity and discretion violated in it. But I now again desire you to pay your debts unto me, without which I must be put into extreme trouble, to discharge mine to other men. If you refuse to do this; I have another proposal to make. Never till last night, had I any discourse with Mr. Oliver Noyes concerning you and your affaires. And now, I perceive that he has the same account of you, that I have had from every quarter. However, for your debt of an hundred pounds unto him, you have invested him in two thousand new Plantation. the name of Bedford," Bedford," "in relinquished the land within the East Hart- land bounds. This time they attached a survey which is represented in Figure 7. The General Assembly acted the same month and appointed James Wadsworth, Nathan Hanley, Esq. and Captain Thomas you deal no worse with me, than him, you can do no less than invest me in six hundred acres of as good land, in your Plantation, if it be not all acres of land, in your known by my Plantation called bounds of Bedford," etc. The several proprietors who invested in the area below the 1713 Colony Line in Connecticut became very worried about what Atherton Mather had done and whether or not they had clear title. Seven of them grouped together, among which were John Hunt, Belcher Noyes (son of Oliver Noyes) and Robert Breck. They drew up a memorial or petition and presented it to the Connecticut General Assembly in Hartford in May of 1733.^ They requested patent or title to 7000 acres which they described but for which they did not attach a survey. The Connecticut Archives show no further action on this memorial. It must be the memorialists learned about the restrictions put on Atherton Mather by the 1713 Commission, for one year later they submitted a new memorial for only 5000 acres.^*^ In this petition they acknowledged that 2000 of the aforesaid 7000 acres were "within the grant of the government to the towns of Hartford and Windsor" thus they to have many months ago, one the Atherton Mather, his unethical dealings are evidenced by excerpts from a 1715 letter'^ from a cousin which says "and now after all the wrong things that you have imposed on me, what is it that you design to do. my this first referred to the area as "in Bedford so called," If Wells to investigate the matter.^^ They reported back five months later and recommended the several memorialists be given clear title by saying "Said land as surveyed and bounded aforesaid can't be of any considerable advantage to this government if they should grant the same as free from all claims, the soil being generally poor." It was also suggested the memorialists pay fifty pounds to the Colony of Connecticut as there had never been an equivalent paid at the time of the Commission decision concerning Suf- disposed of." His final paragraph is "If you don't give me quickly to hear from you, I must put over my business, into the hands of our attorney, in your parts of the county." This Oliver Noyes referred to, a doctor from Boston, got the first deed from Atherton Mather in 1 71 5 for 2000 acres that was broken into three separate divisions "being partly within the Province of Massachusetts Bay field -19- and Enfield in 1713.^8 �FIG. 8 -20- �FIG.IO -21' �For some reason there was no further activity on this from 1734 until the General Assembly, in 1738, granted clear title but de- at the 1753 map (Fig. 9) we note the small triangular piece that should extend East from the lower comer is missing. This manded an equivalent of five hundred pounds contained instead of the previously suggested fifty this is in a Looking lots numbered 6, 7 and 8. Proof of deed to Benjamin Reed^ saying "in that part thereof called the wedge and contains 227 acres of land and is bounded North on a line formerly called the Westfield Line, South on a line formerly run and affixed by Goodrich Kimberly for the North bounds of Simsbury being the South bounds of said wedge before the name was annexed to pounds.^' It is interesting to discover some of the memorialists also had bought land in that part of Bedford in Massachusetts above the 1713 Colony Line. They had a survey made of and petitioned the General Court in Massachusetts in 1738 for 42,532 acres bounded South on the Colony Line, West by the Farmington River, North partly by Westfield, partly by "Suffield Equivalent," alias Glasgow, Easterly upon Westfield" (Fig. Simsbury." This wedge acreage was annexed to 8). away in incorporated as the Town of Granby. this area Salmon Brook Society and Simsbury in 1774. Later in 1786 Salmon Brook Society pulled The petition was granted, so it can be seen how At last the Bedford issue has been settled and attention can be turned to the South wick "jog." As Westfield was originally part of Springfield, so was Southwick part of Westfield.-'* Back in 1770 the people who the original Toto "six miles square" or 23,040 acres expanded into some 47,500 acres Connecticut and Massachusetts, thanks to the shrewd Mr. Atherton Mather. The land in Massachusetts was inhabited by settlers who stood by the name of Bedford and in 1751 petitioned the Massachusetts General Court as "Inhabitants of Bedford" to be incorporated as a district.^^ This was granted; however, the Court advised that in 1729 portions of the towns of Billerica and Concord had petitioned and been granted in lived in the outsettlement of Westfield broke away and called themselves Southwick. Four years later the people living in Southwick below the 1713 Colony Line petitioned the Connecticut General Assembly to become part of Connecticut. The Assembly immediately agreed to this request and as shown in Figure 10 resolved that those inhabitants below the Colony Line belong to Connecticut and further, those living West of Congamond Ponds should be annexed to Simsbury and Salmon Brook Society and those East annexed to incorporation as the Town of Bedford.^^ The "inhabitants" then had been forced to aban- don the name of Bedford. They then chose the name of Granville, later the Western section broke away and became the Town of Tolland, years went by after the several memorialists was not acceptable to the ProvMassachusetts; however, the year of ince of 1775 arrived and with it the beginnings of the Revolutionary War so the disagreement con- had been granted tinued. Suffield. This Massachusetts. Back in the Colony of Connecticut some clear title. In 1753 the shown on a map" dated 11/8/1753 (Fig. 9). it was now clear another town Bedford was in existence the new named deeds referred to the area as "the wedge." The description in one old deed says "lyes in Since the wedge so called and is was made and it was agreed the portion of Southwick West of the ponds should be part of Massachusetts and that portion East belong to Connecticut. Thus there is the "jog" in the state line (Fig. 11). The last state line survey of 1906 corrected minor discrepancies. various proprietors tried to bring some semblance of order to the old Bedford tract and divided it into 28 parcels of from 60 to 272 acres as In 1804 another attempt Bibliography 1 Conn. Archives, Towns and Lands, Vol. 7, documents 63, 64 part of lott no. 3" . etc.^ -22- �2. History of Conn. Norris Osbom, Vol. pages 40, 143 3. History of Conn. Norris Osbom, Vol. page 41 4. History of Conn. Norris Osbom, Vol. page 42 5. History of Conn. Norris Osbom, Vol. page 105 6. Connecticut, Van Duren, page 43 7. Connecticut, Van Ehiren, page 93 8. Connecticut, Van Duren, pages 67-70 9. Connecticut, Van Ehiren, page 87 10. History of Granville, A. Wilson, pages History of Simsbury, 1643-1888 by Lucius Barber, M.D. pages 128-129 18. History of Granville, A. Wilson, pages 1213 19. History of Hartland, S. Ransom, page 4 20. History of Granville, A. Wilson, page 14 21. History of Granville, A. Wilson, page 24 1, 1, 1, 1, WestfieldbyLockwood,Vol. 1,1669-1919, page 175 23. "American Classic" Vol. 2, page 403, A diary of Cotton Mather 24. Registry ofDeeds, Springfield, Mass., VoL C, pages 80-81 25. Conn. Archives, 5/18/1733 26. Conn. Archives, 5/19/1734 27. Conn. Archives, 5/1734 28. Conn. Archives, 10/1734 29. Conn. Archives, 5/1738 30. History of Granville, A. Wilson, page 22 31. History of Granville, A. Wilson, pages 4243 32. History of Granville, A. Wilson, page 51 33. Conn. Archives, Map, 11/8/1753 34. Granby Land Records, Book 1, page 248 35. Granby Land Records, Book 1, page 220 36. The Southwickjog by Rev. Edward Dodge (Southwick Bicentennial 1770-1970) 22. 3, 6 Registry of Deeds, Springfield, Mass., Book A, page III 11. 12. Conn. Historical Society, Blodget Map of Conn. 1791 13. Registry of Deeds, Springfield, Mass., Book B, pages 83-84 14. Registry of Deeds, Springfield, Mass., Book 1715-1721, page 79 15. Connecticut, Van Duren, page 94 16. Registry of Deeds, Springfield, Mass., Vol. 1715-1721, pages 139-140 17. Three Centuries of Simsbury, W. Vibert, page 51, also Simsbury Land Records Book 2 1/2, page 107, "A Record and Documentary -23- �Index for 1985—1989 by Ida Joslyn and Connie Dorrington Academy, SU84:29 Birds, SP85:20 Accidents, SP85:8; SP85:12 Agricultural Society, F86:9 Black Settlers, F89:4 Blandford /North Blandford, SP83:22; SU84:8; Allyn, Lewis SP85:2,24,29,33,34,37; F85:3,6,35,36; W85:10, B., SP84:12 Animals, SP84:8 29; F86:9; SP87:35; F87:5; F88:22,36,F89:17 Annual Report, F87:36 Blizzard of Apollo Acres, SP84:8 Arson Ring, W86:14; F87:12 Athenaeum, Westfield, SP84:3 Autobiography, Jeannie Joyal Cooper, W87:4 Samuel L. Campbell, SP88:16; SU88:2; F88:3; Blueberries, SU88:10 W88:2 Burdick, Hulda, F88:28 Autographs, SP85:5; SP89:20,36 Auction, SU87:29 Burleigh, Lucien, W88:19 SP88:10 Bookcase, SP88:14 Boys Qub, SP85:8 Brass, WesUe, SP86:22 Buell, Phineas Lyman, W86:6 Burma Shave, F87:20 Campbell, Samuel L., SP88:16; SU88:2; F88:3; Autumn, F85:20 W88:2 Barge Canal, SU84: 17 Bartlett, Mrs. Horace F., SP84:29 Becket, W88:7; F89:22 Beckley Blast Furnace, SU89:22 BeU House, F85:32 Canoeing, SU85:2; SP85:2 Capron, Milton, SP85:14 Cats, F86:21 Caves, SP83:32 Cemetary, SU87:18; W88:14 BeU (Murrayfield), SP86:25 Big '88, Pond SP85:8 Chandler, John, F87:22 -24- �Gardner, Charles M., F85:26 Gardner, Charles H., SP89:2; SU89:2 Geneology, SP83:35; SP84:36; SU84:1 6; F84:37; SP85:30; F85:37; W85:37; SP86:37; F87:35; W88:37; SU99:37; F88:37; W88:37; SU89:37; Cheese, SP88:22 Chester, F87:27; SP85:14; SP86:2; SU86:33; F86:18; SP;87:31; SU87:24; F87:22; SP88:16,21; SU88:2, 24; F88:3, 28; SU89:12,16,35; F89:4,27 Childs, A, W85:13 Childs, Lizzie DeU WaUace, W85:22; F89:16 SP86:6; Hannah W86:2; SP87:28; F87:18 SU86:22 Gibbs, Christmas, W85:20 Churches, W85:29, SU86:6,22; SU87:35 Civil War, SU85:36; W85:3; SP86:29; F86:22 Clocks, SP87:31 Cobble Mountain, SP88:2 Coles Opera House, SU87:7 Conductors, F84:25 Cooper, Sadie, SU88:17 Com, Planting Rhyme, SP85:29 Cousins, SP86:2 Cricket, F87:27 Cummington, F86:15 Dalton, Flintstone Farm, W85:16 Gibbs, Mari, W84:2; SU85:25; SP85:22; F85:10; A., SU88:19 W86:26 Gold Mine, SU84:8 Gordon Hall, SP87:13 Grandmother, F85:18; SU86:14 Gifts, Granville, F86:2; F88:24; SP89:32; F89:8 Grief, SP83:28 Grist Mill, SP89:8 Growing Up, SU84:6 Haiku, SU85:20 HaU, Gordon, SP87:13 Hall, Pamela Donovan, F86:12 HaUe/s Comet, SU86:37 Deane, Dr. Wallace, W85:34 Death of a Daughter, SP83:28 December, W86:20 Handwork, SP85:26 Harmony, SU86:13 Decline of Hilltowns, F86:16 Deer, W84:6 Hastings Family, F89:17 Hay, SU84:2 Hays, Capt. Samuel, W88:22 Hawk, SP86:34 Hayden, Doris Wyman, F85:3 Haynes, Lemuel, F84:32 High Pasture, SU86:16 DeWolf, Dr. Oscar C, SU87:24 DeWolf, DeWitt Clinton, SP88:21 Diaries, SP83:6; SP84:29; W84:2; SP85:22; SU85:25; W85:3; W86:2; SP86:29; F86:22; SU87:28; SU87:33, F87:18, W88:31; SP89:2; SU89:2 Dickinson FamUy, F89:8 High School, F84:10 Highways, SP85:10 Hilltown Happenings, F87:16 Diseases, F87:9 HUltown Dicie Flats, SP86:4 Statistics, SP85:31 Hinsdale, Harriet Marie, SU85:33 Doctors, W84:17; SU85:28; SP86:15 Donovan Home, W86:27 Horace Hatch Tavern, W87:9 Household Hints, SP86:16 Huffmire, John A. W84:17; SP85:28 Hummingbird, SU87:27 Duck, SP88:30 East Otis, SP85:8 , Emery Mine, F86:18 Fairs, F86:6, F88:14 Huntington, SP86:25; SP87:26; SU87:7, 11; SP88:23, 27; SU88:12; F88:36; W88:13; SU89:2; Family Reunion, SU86:12 Farm, W85:16; W86:31; SU87:14; W88:ll; SU89:30 Fifty Years Ago, SU85:2 Fire, SP84:27; F89:30 Huntington, Charles P., F89:30 Indian Village, SP84:30 SP87:26 Flintstone Farm, Industries, F85:6 W85:16 John Hood, Williamsburg, SP83:23 Hying Saucer, SP86:19 K3olin Road, F85:35 Knitting, SP85:26 Leaning Rock, SU84:31 Legends, SP83:32 Forests, SP87:17 Frisbie, Mary Harkins, Adams House, SU87:36 F86:2; W86:22; SP87:6 -25- �Letters, SP83:36; F84:18; F86:37; F87:19 W86:37; F88:30 Lightning, SP84:13 Railroad, Accident, F86:36 LittleviUe, SU87:2 Lucas, Dr. Herman Railroading, F84:12 S., Rausch, Ann, F87:28 Recipes, SP84:35 SU89:12 Maple Sugar, SP86:17; SP88:8 Marriage, SP87:20 Mason, Irene Merrill, SU87:29 Medicine, SP86:15 Meeting House Marker, SU85:34 Memories, F84:3, 35; F85:29; Religious Life, W85:18 Rememberance of the Past, SP83:15 Remedies, Kill or Cure, SP86: 1 Reunions, SU86:12 Revolutionary War, SP86:20 Rice Family (Worthington), F87:12 Roads, SP85:10, SU88:18 Robinson, Jane C., F87:5 Rural Social Gatherings, F85:22 Russell, F86:36; W88:35; SP89:22; SU89:27 Sampson, Orange Scott, SP88:23 Schools, W84:13; SP86:2 Shakers, SP85:17 Skunk, SP86:26 Sbves, W84:10 W86:19 Middlefield, SP83:2, F85:32; F86:6; SP89:12 Montgomery, F85:29; SU88:28; W88:35 Mormanism, F89:22 Movie Houses, F86:31 Moving Day, SP84:18 Murder, SP84:12; SP85:14; W87:18; F88:10 Murrayfield Bell, SP86:25; SU87:22 Music, SU84:33 Musical Instruments, W85:10 Mythical Monsters, SP84:6 Nanny, F85:18 Newburgh, SP86:20 Nooney, Frank S., SP87:2 Nooney, Prof. James, F85:28 North Blandford, SU85:29; W85:29; SU85:29; Snow, W84:16 SU88:19 North Granby, SP89:8 Statistics, Norwich HiU, SP88:27; F88:26; W88:14 One Hundred Years Ago, SP83:13; SU84:14; W84:8 Store, F89:2 Soisalo Family, F89:27 Spring, SP86:28 Squire, Capt. Sylvester, F87:32 Stanton, F85:6; One Hundred Sugar Maples, SP86:17 Sumner, Henry Jesse, W85:3; SP86:29; F86:22 Sunnmers, SU86:2 Superstitions, W85:17 Taggart, Charles, SU85:36 Forty Years Ago, SP86:17 Old Sayings, SU84:32 Olds Family, SP89:12 Telephones, SP84:20 Tolland, SP87:n Tree and Shrubs, SP87:17; W87:22 Turnpike, SU85:22 Tyler, O. B. Joyful, SU88:26 W87:18; F88:10 PaU, F84:16 Parks, RoUand, SU89:27 Pastures, SU86:16 MO, SU88:10 Union Agricultural Phelps, John, F88:24 Victory, W86:21 Phrenology, W86:6 Plainfield, SP89:5 Poor, SU89:35 Postmasters, Blandford, F85:36 Working, F86:20 Society, F86:6 Walrath, Ed, SP84:10 Washington, SP85:12 Water Falls, W87:19 Water Systems, SP84:22 Wesley Bass, Ballad of, SP86:22 West Cununington, F86:15 Western Mass., SP88:34 Westfield, SP84:3; SU84:29; W86:6 Proverbs and Sayings, SP83:19 Quarries, Granite, W87:3 Quotations, W85:13, 17 Rabbits, SU86:31 Strathmore, SP84:14 F86:15 Pease, L., Hilltown, SP85:32 Stonewalls, SP83:31; SP84:26 Old Folks Association (W. Cummington), Otis, Emroy W85:32 Raikoad, SP84:32; W86:37; SU86:33; F86:36; -26- �WUd Life,SP83:ll Wise, Gerald - Artist, W87:12 Wolves, SP85:13 Wood, Rev. Sumner G., SU85:18 WUliamsburg Woodpile, W84:9 Westfield River, SP85:2; W85:l West GranviUe, F89:2 (Flood), SP83:23 34; W88:14, 26 Worthington, SU86:14; F87:2;SU87:36; SP88:10 Wright, Grandma, SU86:14 Zenda, F84:9 Woronoco, SU88:27, WUliston Family, SP89:5 Wilson, Lavinia Rose, SP89:32 Wind, W85:14 Winn, Olive, SP89:22 Ohe purple l)Jdcknes5 ofa winter stream w/iirh avi eJiies ds lijlows a serpentine course kejore out of sf(jlit it^oe^ . Oj-^ times ^kie pecks oj constantly mminaat the stam/iliv^ on a bidden rocli^ jrof/i li sJiom w^i/e Unks encrusted snow. ^^/lere^Ren tree^ seems current splds/i^ ice sprmn^ upon rtsiTicj oj- cross lisJ^t/i to slow, t/ien LrJerincj tneir/en^t/is to ol^inwcj lie ikrouijii tlief^ijid, crijsial tUl en^ljroiJerij low^Jormzy)^ t/iem liitea )noon ^ives ojf its jloyii, trees surges over in ^ l>ranclies> mli loncj upon i/ie iow. air rnakna siUoueftes sljadows drow^ casting land to sew,ijet, t/ireaJinj a -27- a too intricate an liand<; vnovincj jpattern liJiked �William C. Whitney and the Whitney Estate by John Wright Crane a day and night set of workmen. The men were able to finish the lodge in time for the October wedding of Mr. Whitne/ s son, Harry Payne Whitney. The bridal party spent their honeymoon at the "Antlers Lodge" which gave a romantic interest to the lodge ever and the following years curiosity was greatly aroused in Washington as large and small farms were being bought up by some unknown party. The curiosity continued to increase as each year marked the gradual absorption of all the farms in an entire school district. The wholesale buying as far as Washington was concerned was confined to the land west of Washington Center and comprised the lands long known as "Washington West Woods." The farms bought began with the one near the Congregational Church and In 1895 after. The palmy days of the Whitney Lodge were before the very serious accident to Mrs. W. C. Whitney, from which she never recovered. Mrs. Whitney had intended to do a number of things which would have benefited the entire town particularly the church and schools. After her death, Mr. Whitney's interest in the estate changed perceptibly and the enthusiasm for the future growth of the place left him and the dispersion of his herds included the farms owned in the early days by Jasper Morgan, father of Edwin D. Morgan, the "war" governor of New York. In those days "The Pittsfield Sun" frequently had items from Washington alluding to this land buying as follows: "Land for a summer home can be bought very cheap. Three or four hundred dollars v^ll buy sufficient, several acres in fact, and one may have hill or vale for a location, near the village or remote. It is of wild animals soon afterwards began. days when Mr. Whitney was stocking up the estate on October mountain, carloads of deer were shipped from Wyoming. These were unable to withstand the cold In the winters of the Berkshires and then carloads were sent from Fraser River, British Colum- the "lone lands," between Becket and Lenox that the "mysterious millionaire" is making such extensive purchases through lawyer Post, a farm bought were the Black Tail deer and it was expected they would endure the winters betThey ter than those sent from Wyoming. bia; these week completing 6000 acres now acquired What aU this land is v^rith more to follow. bought for is as much a secret here as elsewhere, and as Mr. Post takes the title in his own name the person behind him is effeclast were the finest specimens known in captivity and the buffalo bull which, on the dispersion of the herds, York, was known was sent to Central Park, the largest animal New of his kind ever There were at one time on the estate a herd of Buffaloes, Moose, Elks, tively hidden." Soon after the public knew that W. C. Whitney Wcis the real owner of this vast domain he began to build the famous "Whitney Lodge," now known as "The Antlers." The work upon its erection was "speeded up" by bringing up an electrical plant to furnish lights so that the work could be carried on by in captivity. Black Tail Deer, Wyoming Deer; also game birds and English Pheasants. The animals had sheds where hay was provided for them during the winter and the game birds were fed when deep snow was on the ground. At its best the Whitney Estate has been -28- �assessed for 9.175 acres, 20 dwelling houses and 26 bams; 25 buffaloes, 59 elks, 84 deer (the black tail from British Columbia and the deer from Wyoming), 19 moose, 15 horses, 10 of color. It is said that an easier and better route is by way of Lenox Dale, but we find this cows, 100 sheep and 45 Angora goats. October Mountain, now so prominent and as seen from largely in the Whitney known under the Estate, name of route as comfortable as need be, and many sketches of glowing landscape delight the eye many sudden places of outlook. "Soon after crossing Roaring Brook evidence of extensive ownership begins. Signs on the roadside trees warn us against "Gunning, fishing or trespassing under penalty of was originally "Washington Mountain." Early in the 18th century a portion of it was known as "Monument Moun- gravestones were quarried out of tain," as and the name of Monument Road law," and these placards bear the signature of W. C. Whitney and are not to be trifled with. Some say they would chance the good nature it is still re- of Mr. tained as one of the roads starting by Lake Ashley and leading out into New Lenox after leaving the mountain. As has been told elsewhere, October game-keeper, with a blunderbus at his beck, galloping along the ways and lanes that cross and border the estate, cures any disposition to poach. He looks fierce enough to take a man's Mountain first came before the public by the pen of Herman Mellville, in the year 1850; but its real prominence began after the mountain practically became a part of the Whitney Estate. A sketch of this mountain and the Whitney place by James Hosding, Editor of the "Pittsfield Sun," in that paper of October 12, for the theft of a even, ger. "The Whitney Settlement is just over the of the mountain with a southern and eeistem exposure tho with northern view open to Greylock purplish blue in the distance. "You come to "forks" in the road at last where the plateau begins. The road to the right leads to the head quarters of the big game where Mr. Frank Chapel and family have watch and w«ird. From this little spot a vast stretch of brush and tree and brown hard hack pasture is in view. Down in the valley and on the Knolls and on Slopes are those 1899 has the following interesting descrip- crown "It is a drive of about eight miles from Whitney place on October Mountain. We went by New Lenox, the mountain climb beginning at the Hutchinson Pittsfield to the quite a pretentious building wdth dam and flume. The City's dam seems to be good piece of work and there was a good supply of water. It looked as the it might be an important auxiliary to the Lake Ashley supply and worth the cost. Roaring Brook is a much larger stream and tumbles musically down the hillside and along a ravine, now flashing and foaming in little sunlit a very strong figures on a Berkshire landscape, American deer, elk and buffaloes. Twentythree elks have been bom on the estate the current year and there are now fifty-nine head. The herd is increasing rapidly and the mountain will soon be as populous v^th this waterfalls. "The road is very good and not difficult. There are steep pitches of course but many restful "thank-you ma'ams," when your team fine may breathe while you get glimpses of "far countries," visible thru vistas as you climb up. An unceasing wonder is the vari-colored foliage. chipmunk and so partridges dust themselves in the highway and perch temptingly upon the branches, and no man unauthorized lifts gun or pulls triglife tion: savyrmill, Whitney for a few partridges or rabbits one glimpse of the burley in their season; but woods of the shooting secSome of the bucks have splen- as the did antlers and seem to be in fine health. All good condition, sleek and most as big as an ordinary horse. are in There are trees as green as June and with them the most brilliant scarlet and yellows. The dark pines and spruce and hemlocks, the russet elm and the flaming maples, the silver poplars, illimitable acres game tions of Maine. "There is fat and al- a very picturey majesty about the old bucks as they toss horns and heads up when they scent or see an intruder, and it would be quite a brave man who would and miles -29- �From the front of the house, confront them. "She is going to roar," she said view extends across the valley now autumnly gorgeous. Here and there are the little artificial lakes; beyond are the roofs of the cottages or other trembling with terror, but it was we who "roared," for the voice of the elk is a plaintive little cry like the call of a bird. And when Mr. Chapel whistled a score of the beasts came up to the fence, took some ground oats from the hand or pan, were petted and patted and then "She said, 'Why to shoot these would be like shooting cows." the buildings essential to the oversight of such a vast estate of more than ten thousand acres, and the ownership extends far and across this vale and over and over its slope until the red summits meet the sky at the horizon. Mr. Hosding has certainly given a charming glimpse of the life which was lived on the Whitney estate in its best days. "The buffaloes wander at will and seem fat and stupid. There are nine cows and four bulls. Two have been bom here and seem to thrive. They do not appeeir to be as domestic as the elk. They stood in the yard with heads down, sullen looking and sulky. It has been necessary to buy shed shelter for them in the winter and to feed them grain and hay. It gives one rather a queer feeling to remember WHITNEY'S OCTOBER MOUNTAIN The following appeared in the Pittsfield Sun, Feb. that in almost recent years these animals 4, 1904. roamed the plains in countless thousands and now there are in the country only such Reprinted from the fragmentary herds as these, the race practi- "Mr. Whitney was the largest property owner in Massachusetts. He owned ten thousand acres in Washington, Lee and Lenox, in the Berkshire hills where he had one of the largest game preserves in the East. Mr. Whit- cally exterminated. The elks are becoming acclimated and are breeding well, but there has been less prospect of success in breeding buffaloes, some having died and the increase as yet not being up to expectations. Dr. Kin- ber Mountain, one of the most sightly places back as 1895. So were the purchases made that it was not tiU buying had been going on for eight months that it became known that someone in the Berkshire Hills, as far year past and under his care the herd seems to be in better heart than when left to a "state of nature" and it is now thought the herd may be not only preserved but increased. I heard that the English pheasants have now made the anticipated increase and it is charged that the foxes are very destructive to the young birds. The other experiments in game birds and beasts have been moderately successful. quietly was attempting to acquire vast holdings. In 1896 an order was sent to his Lenox agent for the construction of a camp on the mountain. It was to be built and furnished in 30 days. With feverish excitement construction men were employed and by working day and "The Whitney residence stands in a sunny perhaps we should call it a lawn. A little way removed are the frames of a dozen little cottages, canvas covered upon an occasion and used as an annex to the big house when the company is larger than the mansion's capacity. The servants are here for Mr. Whitney has been making flying visits, and there is a report that Harry Payne Whitney, family and friends are soon to be here. There are horses in the stables, carriages from by the aid of calcium lights at night, a and expensive camp was completed in contract time. Then came the announcement from Nevkrport that Harry Payne Whitney and his bride Miss Gertmde Vanderbilt were to occupy the camp for their honeymoon. "The development of the mountain into a game preserve followed. From Jackson's Hole in Wyoming, carloads of elk and black tailed deer were shipped to Lenox. These were followed by buffalo, moose and Angora goats. A game and pheasant breeding farm was night, bit of field, large the little buggy to the great coach in the bams all the equipment for Tribune." ney's agents began buying property on Octo- new has been the veterinarian in charge for a and "New York mountain touring. -30- �the elk were shipped to the Adirondacks and for several seasons in the fall Mr. and Mrs. Harry Payne Whitney entertained shooting parties on the mountain. Lately Mr. Whitney has been distributing the big game which foimd an excellent and prolific breeding spot on the mountain. Most of established and and the buffalo Bronx Park. The Corbin preserve in New Hampshire acquired released on the public lands were sold or shipped to some of the best buffalo bulls. One was given to the Zoological Gardens at Cleveland, Ohio." -31- �The Deacon^s Son and The Parson^s Daughter 1935 by Dr. Howard A. Gibbs In olden time in Blandford town. The parson held place of great renown; A learned man of austere mien. Interpreter of things unseen. Guardian of morals, spokesman for God, With dignity the earth he trod. With powdered wig and head in cloud Above the level of the common crowd. His daughter, Mary, finely bred, lest she should wed Beneath her lofty place and sphere. Qosely guarded Was to the parson's heart most dear. Elijah was the deacon's son. Strong limbed and keen but quite homespun. His spurs had won in Freedom's fight; Between the two 'twas love at sight. The parson raved; he ahnost swore; He ordered Elijah from his door. But the youth who feared not British gun. Would scarce from a parson's anger run. Alas! not all the parson's pride Could build a wall with love outside. In spite of stem parental sway True love will have its own sweet way. One bright mom in the month of June, When lovers' thoughts are in nature's time. When it's just as easy for the heart to be true As for grass to be green and sky to be blue. The parson found ladder to window above. Open sesame for youthful love; Out of the window the bird had flown. With her grandmother's -32- gift of silver spoons. �In forest wild, four miles to the West, The young couple built their honeymoon nest A log cabin small in clearing new. As years went by to a cottage grew; The cottage became a mansion grand In wide expanse of well tilled land; Eleven children came to bless the pair. Stalwart sons and daughters fair. The parson's anger melted away As wealth and honor came to stay; Honored and respected far and wide. The runaway couple lived and died. Parson and wife in the churchyard lie; Elijah and Mary on the hill close by; Children and grandchildren bless the day. When true love had its own sweet way. -33- �Blandford Settlers Built Three Forts Article From the Westfield Valley Herald, February 14, 1935 Entitled: "Afoot With Camera In our Valley" by Robert L. Blandford Settlers Built Three Forts To Repel Indian Attacks Soule after the first settlement in the Mill. All But Four Families Fled From Hilltop first one being caught that weighed 13 pounds. (Woronoco once was the village of Salmon Falls on account of the salmon caught there.) — But Returned Within Year Did Dairying Business on Big Scale in Early 19th Century. in 1749, town, the was started, known as Bunnell's Salmon came up the river to Woronoco, grist mill During the Revolution Blandford was on The hardships which the early settlers of the town of Blandford experienced were perhaps unequalled in any other section of the direct route for transporting military stores from Boston west. It required 20 yoke of oxen and 80 men to convey a mortar over Blandford hill on its way to West Point. In 1791, Mr. Gibbs brought the first single wagon into town. Before that time people used to walk or the Westfield Valley, as mentioned in last week's In fact, so article. poor were those town that the Province of Massachusetts Bay gave 10 bushearly settlers of the Hilltop els of salt to be distributed ride horse back. among them. Had In 1749 the Indian tribes of this region began In 1807 town and all but four Westfield and Windsor, Suf- to harass the families fled to be used to repel Indian attacks. were erected in which all families gathered at night, and during the day the men worked in the fields under the protection of sentinels posted to be on the lookout for Indiflints to ing these people to By 1837 we Church They even carried their guns to church, so this country in the early days. The nearest grist mill was at Westfield, and some of the men would pack grain on their backs and walk to Westfield to get it ground, and then return home with the meal for bread and other baking. Others poimded the grain or to Bland- how to make find 1535 cheese. cows in town pro- At one time the limits of Blandford extended into Huntington. The school which stood near the common was controlled by three towns, Chester, Norwich, and Bland- in mortars. North Blandford was at that time a great hay section with most of the hay coming from there for the feeding of stock. came value of the cheese was $1 6,000, and the butter $3000. This industry employed 200 men and 300 women, and the capital investment was $60,000. Mr. Collins accumulated $23,000 on this investment. Later he was succeeded by Orrin Sage who was, during his 30 years in business, called the "Bank of Blandford". v^ld was com Collins ducing 230,000 pounds of butter a year. The ans. Guns Amos M. the farmers, going from house to house show- forts Carried Town He was a man of wealth, making most of his money in the store business. He became interested in dairying and induced the farmers to make butter and cheese. He even went into New York state to buy cattle and then distributed them among and Wethersfield, Conn, yet all returned vdthin the year. Six years later the Province of Massachusetts Bay gave the town a swivel gun and one-fourth barrel of powder with 100 in Cows ford from Connecticut. field Three 1535 ford. Owing to the unsatisfactory condition of such an arrangement the boundary lines were changed, but the town still survived. Twenty years -34- �A Visit to Aunt Hannah by Dr. Howard A. Gibbs Her doughnuts were of ancient mold. The body bigger than the hole; Her apple pie with maple sweet. To boyish taste a real treat. A gooseberry bush close to the door Aunt Hannah was a maiden. Was ne'er beguiled She Uved by men; in single blessedness three score years Till and ten, Romance had never touched Until, to her. Had shock the town. Grew biggest nuts Two little nephews had she. And I was one of them. For us her heart was tender, warm Aunt Hannah wore home made dress. Aunt Hannah passed, time long gone by To brighter realms beyond the sky; A cellar hole, a crumbling chimney base Is all I find to mark her place. and black. Of wool she'd carded, spun and wove off her own sheep's back. was to of Paris style. had a rugged grace. But when I reach the golden gate I'll say in childish manner Dear Saint Peter let me in, cut Its It Well fitted to her sturdy form. Her firm and day clock attic. We'd wind it up and strike it down With loud and awful racket; With rattle, bang, it pealed off time. To us it was music most sublime; The noise we made disturbed her none. Her ears were deaf as moss-grov^ stone. In checks of red From eight Stored in her dusty Aunt Hannah. a in all the land. Aunt Hannah had an Beneath her rugged face and form. We never had an ice-cream cone Nor yet a red banana. Our height of bliss and happiness visit to before; On old-time chestnuts near at hand She took the good old name of Clark the well known Brown. And dropped Was a known flavor never forceful face. I've -35- come to see Aunt Hannah. �Norwich Once Separate Town TTiis Article Appeared in the Westfield Valley Afoot With Camera In by Robert Norwich Once Separate Town, Had Thriving Settled in 1763, Herald of September 20, 1934 Our Valley T. Soule Industries 150 Years Ago Had Sawmills, Tannery, Bark Mill, Blacksmith Shop and Other Business in Early 1800's Time and space keep us from mentioning all the different families who came to settle the town of Norwich in the early year of 1763. before church and social activities centered in that part of town. Mountain Road Oldest John Kirkland, James Fairman, Zebulon FuUer, James Clark, Scimuel Knight, Cedeb Fobes, the Hannums and Probably the oldest road leading to the what we today call the "Mountain road." This was used by the people of the lower part of the valley and Norwich bridge section, while from the Knightville section were two roads which lead to the hill and were used by the people from that section and Worthington. Later a new road was built to the hill which we today call "The Pond Brook Road," and most of the travel today reaches others, elected to settle on the hill section of the hill is town and when the eastern part of Murrayfield decided to have a town of was well their own (1773) this section and fast becoming an important business and sodal center of the new established town. Located on the main road to Northampton most of the travel from the valley and this section towns north of Norwich passed through Norwich Hill on its way to the county seat, and these early settlers were quick to take advantage of this fact and stores and mills soon were in operation and it was not long Along the brook, which is the overflow from Norwich Lake, were mills and tanneries and today we find old dams, and lumber which were used in the construction of some -36- by this road. �About half-way up Pond Brook Road was a sawmill, operated by Lyman and Fairman and further up the road almost to the top, was another sawmill. Where the roadside stand is located today was the factory of Had Bark Grinding of the mills. the Hannums who made axes there for many years. When the railroad came up the valley they moved the factory down to Falle/s cross roads and continued there for more. many years Near the present roadside stand was a picture gallery operated by William Qapp of Northampton, where old and young came to have their pictures taken and were rewarded with their likeness on a piece of tin, called tintypes, and highly popular in those days. On the road to hall the lake just above North and on the same side of the road may be found the remains of another dam, where Knight & Knight had a sawmill, and a blacksmith shop stood nearby. Across the road was the old tannery. This building is still standing and is used as a dwelling house. Next to the tannery, Mill on the other side of the brook, was a grist niill owned by Whitman Knight. This mill was later used for the of whip-stocks and there was also a wheelwright shop there. Farther up the brook, near the outlet of the lake, we find that Seth Porter had a mill for grinding bark. This was back in 1830 and this mill supplied the bark used in the process of tanning leather. making Joel Searles came and located on the shore of Norwich Lake and a few years later he buUt the home which is still there today and up to a few years ago had remained in the Searles family for nearly 150 years. The first store on the hill is not recorded but Aaron Dimock had a store about 1850 on the lower end of the common about opposite where the parsonage now stands, and later Albert Knight had a store located across the road from the home of Leon Woods. The present store is located in the old Searles homestead near the lake and is the last remaining sign of industry in that once busy section. �When You Want Your Printing To Be Something To CROW ABOUT BRADFORD P. FISK Incorporated The Corners Grocery ^^^^^^^^^ Telephone: 413-238-5531 FOR ALL YOUR PRINTING NEEDS Worthington, Mass. 01098 PRINTING 592 College Highway Southwick, • MA (413) 569-0266 or 569-5325 NORTH ROAD ^FAMILY m Wolcott Realty WESTFIELD GATEWAY —AUTO PARTS— Specializing in Country Property "Mort Tian Just An Auta PirU Stert^ To We BUY have or many CALL SELL call us. ROUTE exclusive listings 20. HUNTINGTON. MA. 01050 562-4778 (413) 687-3101 38 Call Ttll Ftm 1-800-992-1054 �Raymah Westgate Russell H. Moore, Jr. WEST-MOORE INSURANCE AGENCY Main Street Chester, Massachusetts 0101 (413) 354-9688 Route 20 Russell, Massachusetts (413) Insurance For Your 862-4412 HOME • BUSINESS • Also Life, Accident FARM • AUTO and Health 'Your Local Hilltown Insurance Agency' Music For All Occasions We re Hill towns Working Together.. Country Journal A Wrfkly For Um most Publico I ion 'Devoted to the Seeds of the Hilliowns" Street Huntington, in prrvMuJ romputuiK Century Village 138 Memorial Avenue West Springfield. 01089 413-736-2112 MA 667-3211 Main w ith you every step of the w ay. MA 39 �CASSIN INSURANCE AGENCY. INC. B.F. To Subscribe to STONE WALLS Auto $9.00 a year - Home - Business - Life - Health Insurance SERVING THE VALLEY Box No. 85 Huntington, ILS MA Route 01050 BUSINESS SERVICES PfllNTINO • PHOTOCX)PIES • TYPESETTINO STATS GRAPHICS A ARTWORK • WORD PROCESSING • • • • Huntington, Mass. 01050 Tel. 667-3081 Tel. 568-1243 HUNTINGTON TRUE VALUE HARDWARE FUU SERVICE PRINTINQ S COPY CENTER • 20, MAIUNQ SERVICE FAX SERVICE East Main new location Huntington, 667-5531 Street, MA 01050 Quality 789-4555 Hardware, Electrical & Plumbing Supplies Sacrete Products, Glass, FAX 789-4090 & Garden Products Lawn MOLTENBREY'S Stonehengineering MARKET Builds and repairs stonewalls, foundations and wells Creating in Stone. BricK. Cerarnic Tile Serving the people of Huntington for over 35 years Ferro-cement DARRYL FISK, BRUCE MASON Prop. Moss Russell, Hill Rd. MA. (413) 528-0673 WESTFIELD PHARMACY, Stanley FARM OVERDALE Candy & Other Wool Products Lucy Conant Johnson Hill Road. Box 324 Chester. MA Nowak, Reg. Pharm. "Posie Flower Supplies Convalescent Supplies — Cards Registered Romney Sheep Fleeces F. INC. Tel. 562-441 65 Franklin Street 01011 413 354 2226 40 — Gifts . Westfield, Mass. �— Editorial Board — Natalie Birrell Lucy Conant Connie Dorrington Helena Duris William S. Hart Ida Joslyn Lazarus Louise Mason Doris Wackerbarth Grace Wheeler Ellie — FRIENDS — Gerald Chapman Robert Pike Mr., Mrs. Ralpr Hiers Barabara Kupec Fred Mildren H. Newman Marsh Edith H. Phelon Harriet V. Fish James B. Nooney Shirley Bruso Arthur Bastion William Richard W. Gardner Vera M. Smith Judith S. Hart Jr. Adams Charles Blackman Eleanor Tortolani Elizabeth Fortune Harold N. Jones Barbara Brianerd Marian R. Sweeney Gordon E. Tinker Lucy H. Conant William French Bob & Karen Patenaude Ron Tremblay �What days of lonely toil he undertook! What years of iron labor! and for what? To yield the chipmunk one more nook, The gliding snake one more sequestered spot. The Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests STONE WALLS NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATION U.S. POSTAGE Box 85 PAID HUNTINGTON, MA Huntington, Massachusetts 01050 PERMIT Mrs. Dorothy M„ Miller 15 North Rd„ Westhanipton MA 01027 „ ^y'^^f / ^ #1 01050 � https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/19f5e1f1cb4f5e683f9bf44d74134442.pdf 4234a809706e2061ebcfc1cde10d9247 PDF Text Text - CONTENTS - 2 Diary of Charles H. Gardner - 1861 Continued from Spring of "89" 4 To Know The Indians 6 Hildred Palmer Cortes: Pam Hall Carol Laun "Memories of a Time That is Gone" Doris Wackerbarth 10 The Life of a House in Worthington 13 North Granby - Bedford or The Wedge 24 Index for 1985 - 1989 28 William C. Whitney and the Whitney Estate ]ohn Wright Crane 32 The Deacon's Son and The Parson's Daughter Dr. Howard A. Gibbs 34 Blandford Settlers Built Three Forts 35 A Visit to Aunt Hannah 36 Norwich Once Separate Town Joan Hastings William S. Hart Ida Joslyn and Connie Dorrington Robert L. Soule Dr. Howard A. Gibbs Robert T. Soule -1- � Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Stonewalls Magazine, Winter 1990 Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-013 Title A name given to the resource Stonewalls magazine, Winter 1990 Subject The topic of the resource Other Description An account of the resource Winter 1990 issue of Stonewalls magazine, Lucy Conant editor. Full 40-page issue with ads. Included is "The Life of a House in Worthington" by Joan Hastings, a portrait of the Chauncey D. Pease house on Rte. 112 (then owned by Joan and Wil Hastings; now owned by Helen and David Pollard) as well as an index of the previous volume. Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital copy Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1990-01/1990-03 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Internet Archive: https://archive.org/ Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stonewalls Magazine staff Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-22 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Electronic Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Massachusetts - Other Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource db - created item 2021-10-22 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Digital archive Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. db 2021-10-22, 2024-03-10 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/69e5c0b7fe0bc92341c356397e2d419a.tif c10b02247fea036ef1e0ce6888b3aad4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Obituaries Description An account of the resource Death notices and obituaries for Worthington residents. Usually scans of newspaper clippings. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Obituary information for Eugene Stevens Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Clipping Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-312 Title A name given to the resource Eugene Stevens obituary, 1926 Subject The topic of the resource People Description An account of the resource Obituary for Eugene Stevens (1853-1926) from the Springfield Republican, August 25, 1926. Describes life and work at his hoop mill in Stevensville. Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digitized newspaper article Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Springfield Republican Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1926-08-24 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Diane Brenner Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-20 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Digital archive Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Electronic Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Stevensville Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. db - created item 2021-10-20 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/2d5c319607c965d313c5fd19bc80a02b.tif d7ab5e1487a9b088bd23825296f5ee74 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-503 Title A name given to the resource View from Mrs. Drury's East Door Subject The topic of the resource Landscape Description An account of the resource The view from Mrs. Drury's east door. The handwriting on the paper envelope is Katherine Rice's. She is most likely the photographer. The date would be between 1895 and 1905. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource very likely Harriet L. P. Rice Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. AFT Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. located in box labeled 'Rice' Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 17.5 x 12.5 cm Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-18 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895/1905 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/e373b71f5ef97d7878e2f7f659b68e88.tif f7f973c5a5b536ef056c8b012ab22081 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-502 Title A name given to the resource Mrs. Sophia Stevens with Book Subject The topic of the resource People Description An account of the resource Mrs. Sophia P. Stone Stevens (1816-1910) sitting in a rocking chair with a book. She was the wife of Aaron Stevens and the mother of Deacon Eugene Stevens and Cullen Stevens. Buried in North Cemetery. The handwriting (with the date 1901) on the paper envelope appears to be that of Harriet L. P. Rice. She may have been the photographer. There are scans of paper photographs of Mrs. Stevens taken on the same day archived with the identifier Ph101al. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. located in box labeled "Rice" Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 12.7 x 17.8 cm (5 x 7 in) Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. AFT Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource It is likely the photograph was taken by Harriet L. P. Rice (Mrs. William G. Rice). The negative was in a box labeled "Rice" and the handwriting on the paper sleeve appears to be that of Harriet L. P. Rice. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-12 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/a6cd52910e5ac5f605c9c51e4ca8df2e.tif 7936567e793a82eebb81b4f0af926a2b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-501 Title A name given to the resource Samuel Seely and Dogs Subject The topic of the resource People Description An account of the resource Samuel Seely sitting with two dogs outdoors on a rustic bench. William G. Rice's mother was a Seeley. Might this be a brother or cousin of hers? Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Located in box labeled "Rice" Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 12.7 x 17.8 cm (5 x 7 in) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource It is likely the photograph was taken by Harriet L. P. Rice (Mrs. William G. Rice); it was in a box labeled "Rice". Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. AFT Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895-1905 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-10-12 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/b9fc02426f5b537e5dc2929e37616475.tif 078209c72da96b1325c4d1e2a1c75c96 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/8615be8e807c8b6f1648fbcfb7bc75d3.tif 4fa0ee329cc49baffda28386b8c0a6c5 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Results of gubernatorial election - State of Massachusetts - 1812. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Document - Paper, Single Sheet Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 38.8 x 32 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-169 Title A name given to the resource Vote Tally for 1812 Election Subject The topic of the resource Town Government Description An account of the resource Talley for Governor and Lieutenant Governor of State of Massachusetts for Town of Worthington. For Governor: The Honorable Caleb Strong, Esq. 162 votes; His Excellency Elbridge Gerry, Esq 21 votes. For Lieutenant Governor: William Phillips, Esq 162 votes; Honorable William King has 21 votes. Attested to by the Board of Selectmen (Jon Brewster, Josiah Mills, Roger Benjamin) and Town Clerk (Ezra Starkweather) Type The nature or genre of the resource Document Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Paper 38.8 x 32 cm (folded; single-sided) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ezra Starkweather Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1812-04-06 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Worthington Historical Society Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-09-24 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. EL Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jay Foersterling Contribution Form The set of elements containing metadata from the Contribution form. Online Submission Indicates whether or not this Item has been contributed from a front-end contribution form. No Posting Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to post this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Submission Consent Indicates whether or not the contributor of this Item has given permission to submit this to the archive. (Yes/No) Yes Contributor is Creator Indicates whether or not the contributor of the Item is responsible for its creation. No https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/6ceaeaca1c284f5fa0ecbfacfd325604.tif b27f3902cd28e92d625562b3ea0437df Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 17.5 x 12.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-500 Title A name given to the resource "The Farm" southeast facade of farmhouse Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Barns Description An account of the resource Southeast facades of house located at 168 Old North Road currently (2021) owned by the Downey family and Kevin O'Conner. At the time the photograph was taken it was owned by William G. and Harriet L. P. Rice. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 17.5 x 12.5 cm Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895-1910 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-09-20 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - other unspecified Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. AFT Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harriet L. P. Rice. Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. the Rice Room in the Worthington Library Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17a https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/29e17387b0d28d57f8b97d824f42d4d6.tif ec2a04b73c3f819b18b3e5cc13a68621 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context GN121b Title A name given to the resource Sam Knapp, duplicate Description An account of the resource Sam Knapp reading the paper Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/f4ce2d7fa90c07d246044b44c525831c.tif 655647e12d540bcaa2453222bbc7ff54 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/cbb1349ee45d5fecbda3d5ef277c8129.jpg 3a7a82bebf414b71a6e108462bee3a37 https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/3d0721b251207606626fea14baafaa3e.pdf 0ba7d9977ab2f577258b1d68fc105f6c PDF Text Text � Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-311 Title A name given to the resource Congregational Church work party, June 1900, photos and news article Subject The topic of the resource Churches Description An account of the resource A sepia photograph of a group of men, women and children photographed behind the Congregational Church. June 1900 on the back. The article is from the Springfield Republican, June 16, 1900, and describes a planned work party to repair the water pipes leading to the church and parsonage. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rev. J.W. Lane Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900-06-16 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Peter Bannister, Chesterfield Historical Society Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-07-11 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Worthington Center Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. db - vcreated item 2021-07-11 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Paper Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. box 5 congregational church https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/6725c78ededfc263b05df5ee55d4dfa9.tif f6b5abf32799dd9b8f2cc982832d034d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Photographs taken between 1882 and 1907 by the Howes brothers of Ashfield. These pictures are very high resolution monochrome photographs recorded on glass plates. The Worthington Historical Society has several of the prints in its collection. The Ashfield Historical Society has a repository of several thousand. Title A name given to the resource Historical Houses of Worthington, Massachusetts Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-168 Title A name given to the resource Frank Sanderson House, South Worthington, Ringville Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Barns Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the home of Frank Sanderson (b. June 23rd, 1843). He had two wives - Nancy Shumway, then Ella Squires - before marrying Julia Drake on October 15th, 1877. Julia was born on April 26th, 1853, 'on the John Kinnie place on Ireland Street, Chesterfield' and died on August 26th, 1904. Frank had many children - Belle Shaw, Nellie Smith, Mary Messenger, Ethel Wickland, Ida Peterson, Bessie Cowing (b. February 24th, 1886), Vera (b. May 2nd, 1888), William (b. April 15th, 1890), Agnes (b. June 17th, 1895). As of 1905, Frank lived with his father, Alonzo Sanderson, who built the house in 1838 after purchasing the land from Isaac Cole's heirs. According to Rev. Moody, 'Daniel Gates settled here first, buying of Timothy Meach in 1780. In 1821, Mr. gates lived in an old house that stood over the same cellar hole.' As of 1905, the property consisted of 60 acres. The house is featured in The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905), page 65, plate V, #10. For a photo of and more information about Alonzo Sanderson, see the same book, plate XIII, page 97, #17. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 5 x 7 in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Howes Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903-09-01 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Marion Sweeney, South Worthington Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-06-09 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Ringville Relation A related resource Featured in <a href="https://archive.org/details/southworthington00mood_0">The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905).</a> Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. NS (2021-06-09) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bates/'The Heritage' https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/8486e6512facf66880d783e9acfdcb76.tif 07000d85eedafa05eb9ea75628020ca3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Photographs taken between 1882 and 1907 by the Howes brothers of Ashfield. These pictures are very high resolution monochrome photographs recorded on glass plates. The Worthington Historical Society has several of the prints in its collection. The Ashfield Historical Society has a repository of several thousand. Title A name given to the resource Historical Houses of Worthington, Massachusetts Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-167 Title A name given to the resource Anson Drake and Kate Molssynnker House, South Worthington, Ringville Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Barns Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the home of Anson Drake (b. April 8th, 1871) and Kate Molssynnker (b. June 20th, 1880). The couple married on November 20th, 1897 and had three children living as of 1905 - Albert (b. February 14th, 1899), Charles (b. September 27th, 1900), and Florence (b. March 5th, 1903). The house was owned by Frank Sanderson and was first built as a schoolhouse before becoming the home of Melvin Thrasher. According to a WHS member, this house is possibly the one across from Converse Cemetery on Rt. 112. The house is featured in The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905), page 65, plate V, #9. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 5 x 7 in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Howes Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900/1933 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Marion Sweeney, South Worthington Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-06-09 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Ringville Relation A related resource Featured in <a href="https://archive.org/details/southworthington00mood_0">The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905).</a> Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. NS (2021-06-09) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bates/'The Heritage' https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/51b3eec7a777275ad192ac2c2afef290.tif 2448bef1b4088dde8765e8fe50d65373 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-166 Title A name given to the resource Strong's Falls, South Worthington, Ringville Subject The topic of the resource Landscape Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of Strong's Falls. According to Rev. Moody, the falls were 'thirty to forty feet below the road on the way from Huntington.' And, 'they attract a great deal of attention.' Featured in The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905), page 65, plate V, #8. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 5 x 7 in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Howes Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900/1933 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Marion Sweeney, South Worthington Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-06-09 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - Ringville Relation A related resource Featured in <a href="https://archive.org/details/southworthington00mood_0">The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905).</a> Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. NS (2021-06-09) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bates/'The Heritage' https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/13e74f753751e2c49e199f580b5334a0.tif a3af7e7b4792591316a3d8d337a00dee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Photographs taken between 1882 and 1907 by the Howes brothers of Ashfield. These pictures are very high resolution monochrome photographs recorded on glass plates. The Worthington Historical Society has several of the prints in its collection. The Ashfield Historical Society has a repository of several thousand. Title A name given to the resource Historical Houses of Worthington, Massachusetts Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-165 Title A name given to the resource Ephraim Anable and Ella E. Damon House, South Worthington Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Barns Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of the home of Ephraim Anable (b. October 8th, 1844, 'in the old house that stood near Mr. Freeman's) and Ella E. Damon (b. May 12th, 1855, Westhampton). The couple married on November 11th, 1873 and had two living children as of 1905 - Myrtle Pease and Woodbridge Anable (who in 1905 was married and lived away from the home). Lewis Smith and Cynthia Niles purchased the land in 1841 then sold it to John Pomeroy who sold it to Rev. Asa Niles. Asa Niles built the house and sold it to Sam Anable. Elijah Willis (Ephraim's grandfather) purchased the home in 1859 and he lived with the Anable's until he died. He gave Ephraim 'life use' of the house and then it was meant to be passed on to Myrtle and Woodbridge. As of 1905, the farm consisted of fifty acres and the Anable's kept one cow, one horse, and 30 hens. One WHS member recorded that the house has been demolished. The house is featured in The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905), page 61, plate IV, #14. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 5 x 7 in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Howes Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900/1933 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Marion Sweeney, South Worthington Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-06-08 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Worthington - South Worthington Relation A related resource Featured in <a href="https://archive.org/details/southworthington00mood_0">The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905).</a> Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. NS (2021-06-08) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bates/'The Heritage' https://www.worthingtonhistoricalsociety.org/omeka/files/original/4f18f8f320de2afe219e3bc878d8a901.tif c5e92315871529fc4e3456d2ae0eabf3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Photographs taken between 1882 and 1907 by the Howes brothers of Ashfield. These pictures are very high resolution monochrome photographs recorded on glass plates. The Worthington Historical Society has several of the prints in its collection. The Ashfield Historical Society has a repository of several thousand. Title A name given to the resource Historical Houses of Worthington, Massachusetts Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Still Image - Black and White Glass Plate (negative) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 2021-163 Title A name given to the resource Unidentified House Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Barns Description An account of the resource Black and white photograph of an unidentified house. The photo is included in an envelope with another, seemingly unrelated photo of a house in Ringville's James Pease District that's featured in The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905). This unidentified home does not appear to be featured in the book. Disagreement among WHS members as to whether the picture captures a different view of the Kate Higgins House, featured on page 65, plate V, #16. Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 5 x 7 in Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Howes Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900/1933 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Marion Sweeney, South Worthington Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2021-06-01 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Box 17 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Glass Relation A related resource Featured in <a href="https://archive.org/details/southworthington00mood_0">The South Worthington Parish by Rev. George Reed Moody (1905).</a> Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. NS (2021-06-01) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bates/'The Heritage'